瘤胃纤维素降解细菌的研究进展  

Advances in Rumen Cellulose-Degradable Bacteria

作　　者：高星 李永丽[1,2,3] 燕亚平 胡建华 刘占英[1,2,3] GAO Xing;LI Yong-li;YAN Ya-ping;HU Jian-hua;LIU Zhan-ying(Coll.of Chem.Engin.,Inter Mongolia Uni.of Tech.,Huhhot 010051;Ctr.for Energy Conserv.&Emiss.Reduc.in Ferment.Indus.in Inner Mongolia,Huhhot 010051;Engin.Res.Ctr.of Inner Mongolia for Green Manufact.in Bio-Ferment.Indus.,Huhhot 010051)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古工业大学化工学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010051 [2]内蒙古自治区发酵产业节能减排工程技术研究中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010051 [3]生物发酵绿色制造内蒙古自治区工程研究中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010051

出　　处：《微生物学杂志》2023年第5期107-114,共8页Journal of Microbiology

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2019ZD021);内蒙古自治区“草原英才”工程产业创新人才团队项目。

摘　　要：反刍动物瘤胃是自然界中最有效的纤维素降解系统,其纤维素降解能力主要源于寄居于其中的纤维素降解细菌、真菌和原虫。其中,瘤胃纤维素降解细菌因数量庞大、种类繁多以及代谢途径丰富,在木质纤维素降解及利用方面发挥着重要作用。本文综述了国内外瘤胃纤维素降解细菌的种类,分析了瘤胃纤维素降解细菌的特性;阐述了瘤胃纤维素降解细菌通过纤维小体对纤维素的降解过程,以及瘤胃微生物之间的相互作用和相互制约关系;简述宏组学技术在开发新纤维素降解菌和新纤维素酶方面的应用,旨在为进一步研究纤维素降解细菌的降解机理,开发新的纤维素菌种和酶资源提供新的思路。Ruminant rumen is the most effective cellulose degradable system in nature,and its cellulose degradable ability mainly comes from the cellulose degradable bacteria,fungi and protozoa that live in it.Among them,ruminal cellulose-degradable bacteria play an important role in degradation and utilization of lignocellulose due to its large number,variety and rich metabolic pathways.In this paper,the types of rumen cellulose-degradable bacteria both at home and abroad are firstly reviewed,and the characteristics of rumen cellulose-degradable bacteria are analyzed.Then,the cellulose degradation process of rumen cellulose-degradable bacteria through cellulosomes is summarized,and the relationships between rumen microorganisms are expatiated.Finally,the application of macro-omics technology in the development of new cellulose=degradable bacteria and new cellulase is resumed,aiming at providing new ideas for further research on the degradation mechanism of cellulose-degradable bacteria and the development of new cellulose strains and enzyme resources.

关 键 词：反刍动物 瘤胃细菌 木质纤维素 纤维素酶 纤维降解 宏组学 

分 类 号：Q936[生物学—微生物学]