黄土高原中部泾河流域景观生态韧性动态特征  

Dynamic Characteristics of Landscape Ecological Resilience in Jinghe River Basin,the Middle of Loess Plateau,China

作　　者：樊凯瑄 周自翔 付媛 张顺伟 张小瑜 FAN Kai-xuan;ZHOU Zi-xiang;FU Yuan;ZHANG Shun-wei;ZHANG Xiao-yu(College of Geomatics,Xi an University of Science and Technology,Xi an 710054,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学测绘科学与技术学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《地球科学与环境学报》2023年第6期1299-1315,共17页Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42071285,41771576);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2022SF-382);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2018JM4010)。

摘　　要：生态韧性是当前研究领域中最引人注目的热点问题之一,旨在探讨如何应对气候变化、自然灾害和生态风险等环境挑战。流域作为生态发展的主要载体,提升其生态韧性对于区域绿色高质量发展有着重要意义。从景观生态韧性时空特征的角度,探讨黄土高原中部泾河流域生态韧性水平的变化机制,通过SWAT模型、CASA模型和InVEST模型评估流域生态系统服务,并考虑景观格局特征,构建流域生态韧性评估模型,揭示泾河流域生态韧性的时空特征。结果表明:2000~2020年,泾河流域各子流域生态韧性均持续上升。与2000年相比,2020年所有子流域都超过了低韧性等级,泾河流域44.55%的面积由低韧性等级转出,12.59%的面积转换成高韧性等级。生态韧性具有流通性,可以给其他区域带来有益效应。生态韧性提升是以六盘山和子午岭林区为生态韧性热点区域向整个流域辐射。生态韧性从流域南部到北部呈现扇形降低态势,从流域南部到东部和西部出现相似的“高→低→高”模式,流域生态韧性水平整体呈现显著上升趋势。流域南部虽然保持着较高的生态系统服务,但因建筑用地扩张以及不合理的景观结构,呈低生态稳定性。由此可见,过去20年泾河流域退耕还林(草)工程实施有益于生态系统服务提升,对流域生态韧性有积极的影响。Ecological resilience is one of the most compelling issues in the current research field,which aims to explore how to address environmental challenges such as climate change,natural disasters and ecological risks.As the main carrier of ecological development,it is of great significance to improve the ecological resilience of river basin for regional green high quality development.From the perspective of spatial-temporal characteristics of landscape ecological resilience,the changing mechanism of ecological resilience level in Jinghe river basin was explored.Based on SWAT model,CASA model and InVEST model,the ecosystem services and trade-offs(EST)model evaluated the basin ecosystem services,and considered the landscape pattern characteristics;the basin ecological resilience assessment model was constructed and the spatial-temporal characteristics of ecological resilience in Jinghe river basin were revealed.The results show that from 2000 to 2020,the ecological resilience of all sub-basins in Jinghe river basin continues to increase.Compared with the situation in 2000,all sub-basins exceed the low resilience level in 2020,and 44.55%of the area in Jinghe river basin is transferred from the low resilience level,and 12.59%of the area is converted to the high resilience level.Ecological resilience is fluid and can have beneficial effects in other regions.The improvement of ecological resilience is based on the ecological resilience hotspots of Liupanshan and Ziwuling forest areas,radiating to the entire river basin.The ecological resilience pattern gradually decreases from the south to the north of the basin,and similar“high→low→high”pattern appears from the southern part of the basin to the east and west,and the ecological resilience level of the basin shows a significant upward trend.Although the southern part of the basin maintains high ecosystem services,it has low ecological stability due to the expansion of building land and unreasonable landscape structure.In general,the grain for green in Jinghe river b

关 键 词：生态韧性 生态系统服务 SWAT模型 CASA模型 InVEST模型 景观指数 退耕还林(草)工程 泾河流域 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]