APP@MOFs核-壳结构型阻燃剂制备及其在环氧树脂中的应用研究  

Preparation of APP@MOFs Core-Shell Structural Flame Retardant and Its Application in Epoxy Resin

作　　者：钱小东 罗瑊瑊 史聪灵[1] 井静云 QIAN Xiaodong;LUO Jianjian;SHI Congling;JING Jingyun(Beijing Key Laboratory of Metro Fire and Passenger Transportation Safety,China Academy of Safety Science and Technology,Beijing 100012,China;Faculty of Engineering,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国安全生产科学研究院交通安全研究所地铁火灾与客流疏运安全北京市重点实验室,北京100012 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)工程学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2023年第6期3-8,16,共7页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52074247、52274232、52204245)。

摘　　要：采用微胶囊改性技术,以高效阻燃剂聚磷酸铵(APP)为内核、多功能金属有机框架材料(ZIF-8)为外壳,合成了新型核-壳结构型阻燃剂(APP@ZIF-8),并将其用于环氧树脂(EP)中制备阻燃复合材料,通过一系列测试分析来表征APP@ZIF-8的结构特征、评估其耐水性能,并采用锥形量热仪法研究了EP复合材料的阻燃、抑烟减毒性能。结果表明:经ZIF-8的包裹实现了APP溶解度降低、耐水性能显著提升;掺入10 wt%的APP@ZIF-8后,EP复合材料的热释放速率峰值(pHRR)、烟气释放速率峰值(pSPR)和CO释放速率峰值(pCOP)较纯EP分别降低了61.3%、43.6%和60.5%,使EP复合材料的阻燃性能和抑烟减毒性能均得到提升,这主要得益于APP@ZIF-8在燃烧过程中促进了致密炭层的形成(残余炭量较纯EP提高了367.1%),抑制了可燃产物和毒性烟气的扩散,此项工作为环氧树脂的阻燃改性提供了一种新思路。A novel core-shell structural flame retardant(APP@ZIF-8)was prepared by microencapsulation technology with the multifunctional metal-organic framework(ZIF-8)as the shell and the highly efficient flame retardant ammonium polyphosphate(APP)as the core,and was employed in epoxy resin(EP)to prepare flame-retardant composites.A series of tests were conducted to characterize the structural features of APP@ZIF-8,and evaluate its water resistance.The flame retardancy and toxic smoke suppression of EP composites were investigated by cone calorimetry.The results show that the solubility of APP encapsulated by ZIF-8 was reduced with a significant increase in water resistance.After blending 10 wt%APP@ZIF-8,the peak heat release rate(pHRR),peak smoke release rate(pSPR)and peak CO release rate(pCOP)of EP composites decreased by 61.3%,43.6%and 60.5%,respectively.Both flame retardant and toxic smoke suppression of EP composites were improved.This is mainly benefited from the APP@ZIF-8 to promote the formation of the dense char layer(367.1%increase in residual char)during the combustion process,inhibiting the diffusion of combustible products and toxic smoke.This research can provide a novel approach of thinking for the flame-retardant modification of epoxy resins.

关 键 词：核-壳结构型阻燃剂(APP@ZIF-8) 环氧树脂(EP) 阻燃改性 聚磷酸铵(APP) 微胶囊化 火灾安全性 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]