不同粒径聚苯乙烯微塑料对黄粉虫的生物毒性研究  

Biotoxicity Study of Polystyrene Microplastics of Different Particle Sizes to the Tenebrio molitor

作　　者：李鹏浩 李哲[1,2] 王琼[1,2] 马怡[1,2] 牛清雨 郭笑盈[1,2] LI Penghao;LI Zhe;WANG Qiong;MA Yi;NIU Qingyu;GUO Xiaoying(School of Ecological and Environmental,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;International Joint Laboratory of Environment and Resources,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学生态与环境学院,河南郑州450001 [2]郑州大学环境与资源国际联合实验室,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2023年第6期184-191,共8页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(41601524);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1700900);河南省自然资源厅科技攻关项目(豫自然资函[2021]157号-9)。

摘　　要：废弃塑料在自然条件下会通过物理化学和生物分解等作用被分解为尺寸更小的微塑料(MPs),因MPs在环境中的广泛分布及潜在的生态健康风险,其在近期受到了广泛关注。有研究报道,黄粉虫(Tenebrio molitor)能够摄食聚苯乙烯(PS)泡沫塑料,并对PS的降解能力和降解率较高,但关于不同粒径聚苯乙烯微塑料对黄粉虫生物毒性的研究较少。采用黄粉虫为受试生物,通过向黄粉虫喂食不同比例的聚苯乙烯微塑料与麸皮的组合以及不同粒径PS小球,测定试验周期内黄粉虫生物学指标及生物组织内抗氧化酶水平等参数,探究并分析不同粒径与不同摄食比例的微塑料对黄粉虫生命体征和组织水平生物毒性的影响作用。结果表明:(1)粒径会影响黄粉虫对PS的摄食,进而影响其生物利用度;(2)25%的高密度苯乙烯(HDPS)与麸皮掺杂饲养会抑制黄粉虫的生长发育;(3)有麸皮饲养的条件下,黄粉虫摄食PS对其自身生理毒性的影响较小,但还是会对其存在一定的细胞损伤。本研究结果可为后续利用黄粉虫降解废弃塑料与微塑料污染研究提供依据。Under natural conditions,waste plastics break down into microplastics(MPs)of smaller sizes through physicochemical and biodegradation,and MPs are receiving a lot of attention recently due to their wide distribution in the environment and potential ecological and health risks.It has been reported that the Tenebrio molitor is able to feed on polystyrene(PS)foam and has a high ability and rate of PS degradation,but studies on the biotoxicity of polystyrene microplastics with different particle sizes to Tenebrio molitor are scarce.Tenebrio molitor was used as the tested organisms and fed different ratios of polystyrene microplastics with bran and PS pellets with different particle sizes.The biological indices and the level of antioxidant enzymes in the biological tissues of Tenebrio molitor in the experimental cycle were measured,and the effects of different particle sizes of PS and different ingestion ratios of microplastics on the vital signs and tissue level biotoxicity of Tenebrio molitor were investigated and analyzed.The results are as follows:(1)Different particle size of PS affects the ingestion of PS by Tenebrio molitor,which in turn affects its bioavailability;(2)25%of high density polystyrene(HDPS)mixed with bran feeding inhibits the growth of Tenebrio molitor;(3)Under the condition of having bran feeding,the ingestion of PS by Tenebrio molitor has less effect on its own physiological toxicity,but there is still some cell damage.This research results can provide a basis for the subsequent research on the degradation of waste plastic and microplastic pollution using Tenebrio molitor.

关 键 词：聚苯乙烯微塑料 黄粉虫 生物毒性 氧化损伤 生长抑制 健康风险 

分 类 号：X503[环境科学与工程—环境工程]