血流限制视角下加压结合低强度有氧运动对急性生理负荷与主观疲劳度的影响研究  

Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Combined with Low-intensity Aerobic Exercise on Acute Physiological Load and Rating of Perceived Exertion

作　　者：刘嘉俊 汤珊 郑航 魏佳 陈辉 苏玉莹[2,6] 周喆啸 LIU Jiajun;TANG Shan;ZHENG Hang(Faculty of Sports Science,Ningbo Univ.,Ningbo 315211,China;School of Strength and Conditioning,Beijing Sport Univ.,Beijing 100084,China;School of Athletic Performance,Shanghai Univ.,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学体育学院,浙江宁波315211 [2]北京体育大学体能训练学院,北京100084 [3]上海体育大学竞技运动学院,上海200438 [4]维多利亚大学健康与体育研究所,墨尔本3011 [5]重庆第二师范学院体育与健康管理学院,重庆400065 [6]渤海大学体育学院,辽宁锦州121013

出　　处：《武汉体育学院学报》2023年第11期67-74,共8页Journal of Wuhan Sports University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(21XTY001)。

摘　　要：目的:通过将血流限制与低强度有氧运动相结合,并与传统有氧运动方式、高强度间歇运动方式进行对比,探讨不同运动方案下受试者的急性生理反应与疲劳程度的差异,旨在为大众人群或运动员提供一种更加安全、高效提升有氧能力的训练方法。方法:招募12名男性大学生,在完成最大摄氧量测试后,随机完成四种运动方案,分别为40%VO_(2peak)低强度有氧运动(AE)、50%动脉闭塞压(AOP)结合40%VO_(2peak)低强度有氧运动、70%AOP结合40%VO_(2peak)低强度有氧运动和HIIT四种方案,每种方案运动时间为15 min。记录受试者运动前、运动中和运动后的生理反应(心率、摄氧量、气体交换率、血乳酸)[HR、VO_(2)、RER、BLA]和主观疲劳度(RPE)。通过双因素重复测量方差分析方法(组×时间)对受试者的HR、VO2、BLA和RPE等指标的变化情况进行统计分析。结果:HR:50%AOP组、70%AOP组和HIIT组分别在第9 min、第6 min和第3 min显著高于AE组(P<0.05);VO_(2):HIIT组在3 min显著高于AE组(P<0.05),50%AOP组、70%AOP组与AE组无显著性差异(P>0.05);RER:50%AOP组、70%AOP组和HIIT组分别在6 min、6~9和15 min、3~15 min显著高于AE组,70%AOP和HIIT组之间没有显著性变化;BLA:HIIT组运动后峰值显著高于AE组、50%AOP组和70%AOP组(P<0.05)。RPE:AE组、50%AOP组、70%AOP组和HIIT组均随时间显著上升(P<0.05),但无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:血流阻断结合低强度有氧运动可以在不增加主观疲劳度的基础上,显著提高受试者的急性生理反应,其效果要优于普通有氧运动。This study aimed to compare acute physiological responses and RPE levels among participants in different exercise protocols involving varying degrees of blood flow restriction(BFR)combined with low-intensity aerobic exercise,traditional low-intensity aerobic exercise,and high-intensity interval training(HIIT).The goal was to provide a safer and more efficient aerobic training method for both the general population and athletes.Twelve male university students completed maximal oxygen consumption(VO_(2peak))testing and randomly engaged in four 15-minute exercise protocols of 40%VO_(2peak)low-intensity aerobic exercise(AE),50%blood flow restriction pressure(AOP)combined with 40%VO_(2peak)low-intensity aerobic exercise,70%AOP combined with 40%VO_(2peak)low-intensity aerobic exercise,and HIIT.Physiological responses(heart rate,oxygen consumption,respiratory exchange ratio,blood lactate)and perceived fatigue(Rating of Perceived Exertion,RPE)were recorded before,during,and after exercise.The results showed that 50%AOP,70%AOP,and HIIT groups had significantly higher HR than AE at the 9th,6th,and 3rd minutes,respectively(P<0.05).VO 2:HIIT had significantly higher VO_(2)than AE at the 3rd minute(P<0.05).RER:50%AOP,70%AOP and HIIT were significantly higher than AE at 6th min,6~9th and 15th min,3~15th min,respectively(P<0.05),while no significantly difference between 70%AOP and HIIT.BLA:HIIT's post-exercise peak BLA was significantly higher than AE,50%AOP,and 70%AOP(P<0.05).RPE increased significantly over time in all groups(P<0.05)with no significant differences between groups(P>0.05).The present study indicated that blood flow restriction combined with low-intensity aerobic exercise increased acute physiological responses without significantly increasing RPE.However,exercise effectiveness did not increase with higher levels of blood flow restriction.Achieving a higher aerobic exercise physiological responses may require moderate blood flow restriction combined with a higher exercise intensity.

关 键 词：血流限制训练 有氧运动 有氧能力 生理反应 主观疲劳度 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]