广义S变换谱分解技术在深层地震弱信号提取中的应用  

The Application on Extracting Deep Reflection of Weak Seismic Signals Based on Generalized S-transform Spectrum Decomposition Technique

作　　者：田梦雨 TIAN Mengyu(College of Geophysics and Petroleum Resources,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学地球物理与石油资源学院,湖北武汉430100

出　　处：《河南科技》2023年第21期90-94,共5页Henan Science and Technology

摘　　要：【目的】探寻适用于强噪声下的深层高速反射层地震弱信号处理的方法。【方法】采用基于离散傅里叶变换的频谱分解方法,根据信号的振幅和频率生成高分辨率地震图像,可有效识别介质特性的横向分布特征。【结果】通过广义S变换,可以自适应调节分辨率,能够有效地压制噪声。结合谱分解技术和广义S变换,在深层强反射层地震剖面的成像中,刻画各个频段的细节和特征更加明显。【结论】广义S变换谱分解技术有效提高了弱反射信号的信噪比和分辨率,细化了叠加剖面上没有体现出的低频特征和细节,获得了更好的成像效果。[Purposes]To explore a method for processing seismic weak signal of deep high-speed reflec-tor in the background of strong noise.[Methods]The spectrum decomposition method based on discrete Fourier transform is used to generate high-resolution seismic images according to the amplitude and fre-quency of the signal,which can effectively identify the transverse distribution characteristics of the me-dium characteristics.[Findings]Through the generalized S-transform,the resolution can be adjusted adaptively and the noise can be effectively suppressed.Combined with spectral decomposition technique and generalized S-transform,the details and characteristics of each frequency band are more obvious in the imaging of deep strong reflector seismic section.[Conclusions]The generalized S-transform decom-position technique effectively improves the signal-to-noise ratio and resolution of the weak reflection sig-nal,refines the low-frequency features and details that are not reflected on the stacked section,and ob-tains better imaging results.

关 键 词：短时傅里叶变换 广义S变换 谱分解 时频分析 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]