加入工会能提高产业工人技能水平吗?——来自大连市产业工人调查数据的经验证据  

Can Joining Trade Unions Improve the Skills of Industrial Workers?——An Empirical Study from a Survey Data in Dalian

作　　者：赵明霏[1] 王珊娜 ZHAO Mingfei;WANG Shanna(Institute of Labor Relations and Trade Unions,China University of Labor Relations,Beijing 100048;School of Labor Economics,China University of Labor Relations,Beijing 100048)

机构地区：[1]中国劳动关系学院劳动关系与工会研究院,北京100048 [2]中国劳动关系学院劳动经济学院,北京100048

出　　处：《中国劳动关系学院学报》2023年第6期91-103,共13页Journal of China University of Labor Relations

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“劳动者素质提升与产业优化升级的协同路径研究”(项目编号:18BJY049)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：产业工人技能水平能否更好地匹配产业发展的方向,实现技能劳动力的供求动态平衡,关系到能否为产业转型升级和经济高质量发展提供人力资本支撑。工会组织通过推进职工素质建设工程、开展劳动技能竞赛和群众性技术创新活动等,在提升产业工人技能水平方面发挥着重要作用。本研究基于大连市产业工人的微观调查数据,发现加入工会显著促进了产业工人技能水平的提升,且对制造业产业工人的影响更显著。机制检验发现,工会通过开展职业培训提升了产业工人技能水平。研究建议:在实践中应充分利用工会资源为产业工人提供形式多样的职业培训;完善产业工人技能评价方式;加强与职业院校合作,推动多层次多样化的职业教育资源服务于产业工人技能提升。Whether the skill level of industrial workers can match the direction of industry development,and achieve a dynamic balance between the supply and demand of skilled labor is crucial for providing human capital support to industrial transformation and upgrading,and highquality economic development.It is clear that trade union organizations play an important role in improving the skill level of industrial workers by promoting workers'quality improvement projects,organizing labor skill contests,and carrying out mass technological innovations.Based on microdata from a survey of industrial workers in Dalian,we found that joining trade unions signifi cantly improves the skills of industrial workers,especially workers of manufacturing industry.Moreover,mechanism tests reveal that trade unions improve the skills of industrial workers through conducting vocational training.Hence,it is suggested in the study that diverse forms of vocational training should be provided to industrial workers in practice by utilizing resources of the trade unions;and the methods of evaluating skills of industrial workers should be improved.In addition,the skills of industrial workers should also be developed by strengthening cooperation with vocational schools and utilizing multi-level and diversifi ed vocational educational resources.

关 键 词：工会 职业培训 产业工人 技能提升 

分 类 号：C975[经济管理—劳动经济]