1~6岁儿童饮食行为问题与体质量指数偏离的相关性研究  

Association Between Eating Behavior Problems and BMI Deviation in Children Aged 1—6 Years

作　　者：纪文静[1] 杜娟[1] 李雪玲 徐樨巍[1] 梁爱民[1] JI Wen-jing;DU Juan;LI Xue-ling;XU Xi-wei;LIANG Ai-min(Children's Health Care Center,Beijing Children's Hospital,Capital Medical University/National Center for Children's Health,Beijing 100045,China;Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shunyi District,Beijing 101300,China)

机构地区：[1]国家儿童医学中心/首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院保健中心,北京100045 [2]北京市顺义区妇幼保健院,北京101300

出　　处：《中国食物与营养》2023年第11期17-23,共7页Food and Nutrition in China

基　　金：北京市医管局儿科学科协同发展中心重点项目(项目编号:XTZD20180404)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨1~6岁儿童饮食行为问题与体质量指数(BMI)偏离的相关性,为通过饮食行为干预降低儿童体格发育异常的发生风险提供科学依据。方法:采用分层随机整群抽样方法,从北京市某城区随机抽取2所幼儿园和2个社区卫生服务中心共2 391例儿童为研究对象,测量儿童的身高、体重,获得儿童的BMI数据,采集儿童家庭基本信息,并对所有儿童进行饮食行为问题的调查,采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析儿童饮食行为问题与BMI的相关性。结果:78.9%的儿童BMI在正常范围,超重合并肥胖儿童占13.3%,消瘦儿童占7.8%。其中超重/肥胖检出率最高的为5~6岁儿童(27.0%),消瘦检出率最高为2~3岁儿童(13.3%)。多因素Logistic回归模型结果显示,进食时注意力不集中、进食时间过长、零食过多是儿童超重/肥胖的危险因素;过分挑食是儿童消瘦的危险因素。结论:儿童不良饮食行为问题的检出率高,超重/肥胖检出率高,不良饮食行为与BMI偏离有较高的相关性,应重视儿童期不良饮食行为问题的认识和干预,减少儿童体格发育偏离的风险。【Objective】To understand the correlation between poor eating behavior and BMI deviation in children aged 1—6 years,and to provide scientific basis for reducing the risk of physical development abnormalities in children through dietary behavior intervention.【Method】A total of 2391 children were selected from two community health service stations and two kindergartens by using stratified random cluster sampling method.The eating behavior of all children was investigated,the height and weight of children were measured,and basic information of children's families were collected.Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between children's eating behavior problems and body mass index(BMI).【Result】About 78.9%of the children had normal BMI,7.8%were emaciated and 13.3%were overweight and obese.The highest detection rate of emaciation was found in children aged 2 to 3 years(13.3%),and the highest detection rate of overweight/obesity was found in children aged 5 to 6 years(27.0%).The results of multivariate logistic regression model showed that inattention while eating,long eating time and excessive snacks were the risk factors of overweight/obesity in children.Fussy eating is a risk factor for wasting children.【Conclusion】Children aged 1—6 years have a high incidence of abnormal physical development,which is highly correlated with children's eating behavior problems.Attention should be paid to the aware⁃ness and intervention of childhood poor eating behavior problems,so as to reduce the risk of children's physical development deviation.

关 键 词：肥胖 消瘦 饮食行为问题 体质量指数 儿童 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]