益生菌遗传育种方法研究进展  

Research progress in genetic breeding methods for probiotics

作　　者：高娉娉 刘汉清 张凤 凌新 郭丽琼[1,2] 林俊芳 GAO Pingping;LIU Hanqing;ZHANG Feng;LING Xin;GUO Liqiong;LIN Junfang(College of Food Science,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510640,China;Research Center for Micro-Ecological Agent Engineering and Technology of Guangdong Province,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学食品学院,广东广州510640 [2]广东省微生态制剂工程技术研究中心,广东广州510640

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2023年第22期302-310,共9页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2022B0202050002);国家自然科学基金项目(32272785)。

摘　　要：益生菌的多样化益生作用使其在人类健康领域发挥着重要作用,基于益生菌生产的药品、食品和膳食补充剂也受到越来越多的关注。目前,研究人员致力于为药品和食品行业选育新型益生菌,以期为食品药品行业的发展提供新的思路。遗传育种为选育具有有益特性的益生菌菌株提供了一个很好的平台,这对提升益生菌的市场价值和人类健康具有重要意义。为了今后更好的开展益生菌育种工作,该文综述了原生质体融合、基因组重排、常压室温等离子体诱变及基因编辑技术[成簇规律间隔的短回文重复序列相关蛋白(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated,CRISPR-Cas)技术和碱基编辑技术]等遗传育种技术的研究现状及在益生菌中的应用,并讨论了遗传育种的安全性,旨在为优良益生菌的选育提供参考,促进益生菌资源的开发和利用。Probiotics play an important role in human health due to their various beneficial effects,and are receiving attention for the production of medicines,foods,and dietary supplements based on probiotics.Researchers are currently working on the production of novel probiotics for the medicines and food industries,to provide new ideas for the development of food and medicine industries.Genetic breeding methods provide an excellent platform for the production of probiotic strains,which are important for the market value of probiotics and human health.This paper reviews the current research situation of genetic breeding techniques such as protoplast fusion,genome shuffling,atmospheric and room temperature plasma,and gene editing technology [(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated,CRISPR-Cas) and base editors] in probiotic selection and their applications,and discusses the safety of breeding.This review may provide a reference for genetic breeding of probiotics and promote the exploitation and utilization of probiotic resources.

关 键 词：益生菌 原生质体融合 基因组重排 常压室温等离子体 成簇规律间隔的短回文重复序列相关蛋白(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated CRISPR-Cas) 碱基编辑 

分 类 号：TS201.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学] Q93-3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]