自洗钱入罪背景下洗钱“上游犯罪所得”之理论辨析和实践认定  

Theoretical Analysis and Practical Determination on"Proceeds Obtained from Predicate Crimes"Involved in Money Laundering under the Criminalization of Self-laundering

作　　者：陈晨[1] Chen Chen(People's Procuratorate of Shanghai,Shanghai 200020,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市人民检察院,上海200020

出　　处：《贵州警察学院学报》2023年第5期25-33,共9页Journal of Guizhou Police College

基　　金：2021年度最高人民检察院检察理论研究课题(GJ2021C24)。

摘　　要：《刑法修正案(十一)》对我国洗钱犯罪作出重大修订,在自洗钱入罪的背景下,洗钱“上游犯罪所得”的概念需加以重新理论反思和司法审查。《刑法》第191条规定,洗钱“上游犯罪所得”与《刑法》第312条中“犯罪所得”、刑事没收中“违法所得”等概念均存在区别,不能简单参照理解。刑事侦查和司法机关应从洗钱上游犯罪罪质、罪量要件以及洗钱罪本身特质出发,采取逆向思维对洗钱“上游犯罪所得”进行双层路径判断,从而将与上游犯罪行为相关,但不符合洗钱罪保护法益的财物予以剔除。The Amendment(XI)to the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China has made a significant revision to the crime of money laundering.Under the background of criminalizing self-laundering,the concept of"proceeds obtained from predicate crimes"involved in money laundering needs to be reconsidered theoretically and reviewed judicially.The stipulation on"proceeds obtained from predicate crimes"in Article 191 of the Criminal Law is different from the concept of"income or proceeds illegally generated"in Article 312 of the Criminal Law and"illegal proceeds"in the section concerning confiscation of property,so a simple reference or understanding is not appropriate.Criminal investigation and judicial organs should analyze the nature,quantitative elements of predicate crimes involved in money laundering,as well as the characteristics of money laundering,and adopt reverse thinking to two-perspective judgments on"proceeds obtained from predicate crimes"involved in money laundering,so as to eliminate the property related to the predicate crimes but not belong to protected legal interests of money laundering.

关 键 词：洗钱 上游犯罪所得 违法所得 刑事没收 司法认定 

分 类 号：D924.3[政治法律—刑法学]