高校扩招、社会分层与高等教育机会公平  

Higher Education Enrollment Expansion,Social Stratification and Equal Access to Higher Education

作　　者：詹宏毅 郑欣怡 ZHAN Hongyi;ZHENG Xinyi

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学教育学院,北京100872

出　　处：《中国人民大学教育学刊》2023年第5期60-75,共16页Renmin University of China Education Journal

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金支持。

摘　　要：本文基于中国综合社会调查(CGSS)2008—2018的数据,采用精确断点回归设计,分阶层分群体地考察了高校扩招政策对高等教育、本科教育、中央部属高校教育机会获得的影响。研究发现:高校扩招政策促进了高等教育机会在数量方面的公平程度,但在质量公平方面呈现出马太效应。在家庭背景对教育机会获得的影响因素中,研究发现:对于高等教育和本科教育机会获得,家庭教育背景好的子女在扩招后受益显著,文化再生产模式发挥主要作用;对于中央部属高校教育机会获得,企业或社会团体家庭的子女在扩招后受益显著,说明资源转化模式发挥了主要作用。最后,基于上述研究发现提出一些相应的政策建议。Based on the data of Chinese General Social Survey(CGSS)from 2008 to 2018,this paper used a sharp regression discontinuity design to analyze the influence of higher education enrollment expansion policy on the acquisition of educational opportunities in higher education,undergraduate education as well as education of central subordinate universities by social stratum and group.This study found that the enrollment expansion policy of higher education alleviated the inequality of educational opportunity in quantity,but it showed Matthew effect in terms of quality equality.Among the influencing factors of family background on access to educational opportunities,this paper found that,in the acquisition of opportunities for higher education and undergraduate education,children from highly educated families benefited significantly after the enrollment expansion,indicating that the mode of cultural reproduction had played a major role;Regarding the acquisition of educational opportunities in central subordinate colleges and universities,the children from enterprises or social organization benefited significantly,indicating that the resource transformation model has played a major role.Finally,based on the above findings,some targeted policy suggestions are proposed.

关 键 词：高校扩招 社会分层 教育机会公平 断点回归 

分 类 号：G649.21[文化科学—高等教育学] G40-054[文化科学—教育学]