氮素形态对烤烟和白肋烟吸收动力学及转录组的影响  

Effects of nitrogen forms on absorption kinetics and transcriptome of flue-cured tobacco and burley tobacco

作　　者：李玉静 冯雨晴 赵园园 马雁军 刘德水 史宏志[1] Yujing;FENG Yuqing;ZHAO Yuanyuan;MA Yanjun;LIU Deshui;SHI Hongzhi(College of Tobacco Science/Research Center for Tobacco Harm Reduction,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Beijing Cigarette Factory,Shanghai Tobacco Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100024,China;Beijing Life Science Academy(BLSA),Beijing 102211,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院/烟草农业减害研究中心,郑州450046 [2]上海烟草集团北京卷烟厂有限公司,北京100024 [3]北京生命科技研究院有限公司,北京102211

出　　处：《中国烟草学报》2023年第6期52-63,共12页Acta Tabacaria Sinica

基　　金：烟草硝酸盐积累机理及降低硝酸盐含量调节技术研究(TP2019-C4)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨烤烟和白肋烟对硝态氮和铵态氮的吸收差异。【方法】采用常规耗竭法,以烤烟品种K326和白肋烟品种TN90水培幼苗为材料,设置3个硝态铵态氮比例(T1:NO_(3)^(-):NH_(4)^(+)=100:0;T2:NO_(3)^(-):NH_(4)^(+)=50:50;T3:NO_(3)^(-):NH_(4)^(+)=0:100),测定根系对NO_(3)^(-)和NH_(4)^(+)的吸收动力学相关参数、硝酸还原酶(nitrate reductase,NR)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(glutamine synthetase,GS)活性、硝酸盐含量和根系转录组。【结果】(1)T1和T2处理下,K326和TN90根系对NO_(3)^(-)的吸收动力学参数表现为Vmax(TN90)Km(K326),Cmin(TN90)>Cmin(K326);T2处理下,关于NH_(4)^(+)的吸收动力学相关参数结果表现为Vmax(TN90)<Vmax(K326),Km(TN90)<Km(K326),Cmin(TN90)<Cmin(K326)。(2)T1处理下K326和TN90的NR活性最高,分别为159.15 nmol·min-1·g-1、136.81 nmol·min-1·g-1,T2处理下K326和TN90的GS活性最高,分别为1.84μmol·h-1·g-1、1.61μmol·h-1·g-1。(3)T3处理下,K326和TN90根系中的硝酸盐含量最低,分别为7.67 mg·g-1、9.13 mg·g-1,T3处理下,K326地上部硝酸盐含量最低,为15.06 mg·g-1,T2处理下TN90地上部硝酸盐含量最低,为22.95 mg·g-1。(4)谷氨酰胺合成酶基因GLN1-1在TN90中的表达量低于K326;在各处理下负责硝酸盐吸收转运的基因NRT2.6、NRT2.1在K326根系中表达量较高,NRT2.5在TN90根系中表达量较高。【结论】在氮饥饿后再次供应氮素时,烤烟优先吸收硝态氮而白肋烟优先吸收铵态氮。[Objectives]The purpose of this study was to explore the differences in the absorption of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen by flue-cured tobacco and burley tobacco,providing a theoretical basis for the efficient utilization of nitrogen by tobacco in production and rational fertilization.[Methods]The conventional depletion method was carried out with flue-cured tobacco variety K326 and burley tobacco variety TN90 as materials.Three nitrate-ammonium nitrogen ratios(T1:NO3−:NH_(4)^(+)=100:0;T2:NO3−:NH_(4)^(+)=50:50;T3:NO3−:NH_(4)^(+)=0:100)were set up.The absorption kinetics parameters of NO3−and NH_(4)^(+)by roots,the activity of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase,nitrate content and root transcriptome of each treatment were determined.[Results]1.Under the treatment of T1 and T2,the results of absorption kinetics parameters related to NO3−were presented as Vmax(TN90)<Vmax(K326),Km(TN90)>Km(K326),Cmin(TN90)>Cmin(K326).Under the treatment of T2,the relevant parameters on the absorption kinetics of NH_(4)^(+)were shown as Vmax(TN90)<Vmax(K326),Km(TN90)<Km(K326),Cmin(TN90)<Cmin(K326).2.The NR activities of K326 and TN90 under T1 treatment were the highest,which were 159.15 nmol·min^(-1)·g^(-1)and 136.81 nmol·min^(-1)·g^(-1),respectively.Under T2 treatment,the GS activities of K326 and TN90 were the highest,which were 1.84μmol·h^(-1)·g^(-1)and 1.61μmol·h^(-1)·g^(-1),respectively.3.Under T3 treatment,the nitrite content in the roots of K326 and TN90 was the lowest,which was 7.67 mg·g^(-1)and 9.13 mg·g^(-1),respectively.The T3 treatment had the lowest nitrate content in the overground part of K326,which was 15.06 mg·g^(-1).The T2 treatment had the lowest nitrate content in the overground part of TN90,which was 22.95 mg·g^(-1).4.Under each treatment,the genes NRT2.6 and NRT2.1 responsible for nitrate absorption and transport are expressed at higher levels in K326 roots,while NRT2.5 is expressed at higher levels in TN90 roots.[Conclusion]When nitrogen is supplied again after nitrogen st

关 键 词：烤烟 白肋烟 氮素形态 吸收动力学 转录组 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]