昆明市寻甸县重性精神病患者主要照料者照料负担的影响因素  

Influencing Factors on the Care Burden of Major Caregivers of Patients with Severe Mental Illness in Xundian County,Kunming City

作　　者：段登艾 王维[2] 张志雄 陈志祥[3] 王琦珠[4] 阮静莹 黎林富 DUAN Dengai;WANG Wei;ZHANG Zhixiong;CHEN Zhixiang;WANG Qizhu;RUAN Jingying;LI Linfu(Dept.of Female Psychiatry,Yunnan Provincial Psychiatric Hospital,Kunming Yunnan 650224,China;Mental Disorder Recovery Zone 2,Yunnan Provincial Psychiatric Hospital,Kunming Yunnan 650224,China;Alcohol and Drug Dependence Treatment Department,Yunnan Provincial Psychiatric Hospital,Kunming Yunnan 650224,China;District Department of Clinical Psychology,Yunnan Provincial Psychiatric Hospital,Kunming Yunnan 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省精神病医院女性精神科,云南昆明650224 [2]云南省精神病医院精神康复二区,云南昆明650224 [3]云南省精神病医院酒与药物依赖治疗科,云南昆明650224 [4]云南省精神病医院临床心理科一区,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《昆明医科大学学报》2023年第11期120-125,共6页Journal of Kunming Medical University

基　　金：昆明市卫生健康委员会卫生科研课题基金资助项目(2021-14-05-009);昆明市卫生科技人才培养基金资助项目[2023-SW(后备)-06]。

摘　　要：目的探讨昆明市寻甸县重性精神病患者的主要照料者(以下简称“重精照料者”)照料负担及影响因素。方法通过发放问卷,对寻甸县在管在册的重精照料者进行调研,采用一般人口学资料、患病资料以及相关的问卷:焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)、抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)、领悟社会支持量表(perceived social support scale,PSSS)、心理弹性量表(connor-davidson resilience scale,CDRISC)、照料者负担问卷(caregiver burden inventory,CBI),进行调查,并使用SPSS22.0进行数据分析。将所有自变量分别与CBI得分进行单因素分析,得出有统计学差异的自变量,再采用多因素线性回归分析重精患者照料者负担的相关影响因素。结果重精照料者家庭收入、持续照顾时长、PSSS总分、CDRISC总分对CBI得分具有负性影响(均为P<0.05);患者有肇事肇祸,诊断为癫痫性情感障碍、偏执性精神障碍、双相情感障碍、分裂情感障碍、精神分裂症,每周照顾患者时间,SAS总分、SDS总分对CBI得分具有正性影响(均为P<0.05)。结论重精照料者的家庭收入越高、持续照顾时长越长、领悟社会支持和心理弹性越好,越能减缓照料负担;照料对象有肇事肇祸行为,诊断为癫痫性情感障碍、偏执性精神障碍、双相情感障碍、分裂情感障碍、精神分裂症,及照料者每周照顾患者时间越长,焦虑抑郁评分越高,越会增加照料负担。Objective To explore the care burden and influencing factors of the primary caregivers of severe mental illness patients in Xundian County,Kunming City.Methods The primary caregivers of registered severe mental illness patients in Xundian County were investigated by questionnaire.The contents of the questionnaire included Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS),Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS),Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC)and Caregiver Burden Inventory(CBI).Results Family income,continuous care duration,PSSS total score and CDRISC total score had negative effects on CBI score(all P<0.05).The patients had an accident and were diagnosed as epileptic affective disorder,paranoid mental disorder,bipolar disorder,schizoaffective disorder and schizophrenia,took care of the patient every week,and the total score of SAS and SDS had a positive impact on the CBI score(all P<0.05).Conclusions The higher the family income,the longer the duration of continuous care,the better the understanding of social support and psychological resilience of the intensive caregivers,the more they can reduce the care burden of major caregivers of patients with severe mental illness.The caretakers with accident-causing behaviors and epileptic affective disorder,paranoid mental disorder,bipolar disorder,schizoaffective disorder,and schizophrenia,and the longer the caretakers cared for the patients per week,the higher the anxiety and depression score and the higher the caregiving burden.

关 键 词：重精照料者 照料负担 焦虑抑郁 社会支持 心理弹性 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]