茶树夏季短穗扦插快速成苗技术研究  

Summer Stem-cutting for Propagating Tea Plants

作　　者：李家兴 舒明涛 沐贤志 温辉林 刘升锐 李叶云[1] 韦朝领[1] 朱俊彦 LI Jia-xing;SHU Ming-tao;MU Xian-zhi;WEN Hui-lin;LIU Sheng-rui;LI Ye-yun;WEI Chao-ling;ZHU Jun-yan(Anhui Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization/Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Tea Processing,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Hefei,Anhui 230036,China;Chaohu Niansheng Agricultural Ecology Co.,Ltd.,Hefei,Anhui 230036,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学茶树生物学与资源利用国家重点实验室/农业农村部茶树生物学与茶叶加工重点实验室,安徽合肥230036 [2]巢湖市年晟农业生态有限公司,安徽合肥230036

出　　处：《茶叶学报》2023年第5期1-9,共9页Acta Tea Sinica

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1601103);安徽省科技重大专项(202203a06020014、202003a06020021)。

摘　　要：【目的】短穗扦插是茶树繁育的主要方法,多在秋季进行,但其育苗周期长、越冬管理成本高,为此本研究构建一种节本高效的快育技术,为茶树良种快速推广与应用提供保障。【方法】分别用不同植物生长调节剂处理‘中茶108’国家级良种短穗后再进行扦插,并对扦插后茶苗的生长指标和内源激素含量进行测定和统计。【结果】碧护+生根粉处理显著提高扦插苗成活率(96.7%)和出圃率(87.8%),其中成活率(2021年10月28日)较对照(清水处理组)和生根粉处理组分别提高了10.4%和9.2%、出圃率较对照和生根粉处理组分别提高了16.7%和20%。内源激素测定结果表明,碧护+生根粉处理的幼苗叶片中茉莉酸含量显著高于对照和生根粉处理组,分别是其2.64倍和1.29倍,其余4种激素含量无明显差异。【结论】夏季扦插时,碧护+生根粉处理显著提高了扦插苗的成活率和出圃率,相较传统秋季扦插,育苗周期缩短5~6个月。【Objective】To hasten the conventional stem-cutting for propagating tea plants,the procedure was carried out in summer rather than in autumn for cost reduction.【Method】Short stem-cutting propagation of tea plants is traditionally conducted in autumn which takes months to allow the seedling development over the winter.The long waiting period delays the operation and increases the cost to the farmers.To overcome the shortcoming,this study experimented by executing the propagation starting in the summer on short-stems cuttings of Camellia sinensis‘Zhongcha 108’.Prior to field planting,the cuttings were pretreated with a rooting powder(RP)or a plant growth regulator VitaCat®+the rooting powder(V+RP)or without(CK,replacement with water).Growth of the evolved seedlings were monitored with determination on the contents of relevant endogenous hormones in the plants.【Result】Both the rates of survival(i.e.,96.7%)and successful exit-nursery(i.e.,87.8%)were significantly higher on the seedlings with the pretreatment of V+RP than those without.On October 28,2021,the survival rate of the V+RPtreated seedlings was 10.4%higher than that of CK and 9.2%higher than that of the RP group.And the proportion of well-developed seedlings exiting the nursery was 16.7%higher than that of CK and 20%higher than that of the RPtreated ones.Other than jasmonic acid(JA)in the V+RP-treated seedlings that was significantly 2.64 times higher than that of CK and 1.29 times higher than that of the RP-treated counterparts,no significant differences were found on the tested phytohormones in the plants.【Conclusion】Conducting the cutting propagation on tea plants in summer,rather than in autumn as does the conventional practice,with a pretreatment of VitaCat^(■)and a rooting powder on the short stems significantly improved the seedling survival and exit-nursery rates.The saving of 5 to 6 months on seedling development would be considerably cost-effective for the plantation operators.

关 键 词：茶树 短穗扦插 茉莉酸 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]