基于弹性需求的列车停站方案优化方法  

Optimization Method of Train Stop Schedule Based on Elastic Demand

作　　者：徐光明[1] 刘依涵 武润发 秦进[1] XU Guangming;LIU Yihan;WU Runfa;QIN Jin(School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha Hunan 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学交通运输工程学院,湖南长沙410075

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2023年第6期184-195,共12页China Railway Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(72171236);国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFB1600400);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2022JJ30767);京沪高速铁路股份有限公司科技研究项目(京沪科研-2022-1);中南大学研究生自主探索创新项目(1053320210823)。

摘　　要：为了更好地协调铁路运输能力分配和提升旅客出行服务质量、客观体现铁路企业和旅客间的博弈关系,提出一种弹性需求下的列车停站方案优化方法。首先,在考虑弹性需求和严格列车能力约束的基础上,分析列车停站方案、旅客出行成本和弹性需求三者间的相互影响关系,建立列车停站方案优化模型;其次,采用松弛和外近似技术等线性化方法,将模型重构为便于求解的线性规划模型;最后,通过小型算例和郑州—西安高速铁路实例,验证提出方法的有效性。结果表明:优化后的停站方案能够实现运输能力的合理分配;与真实的停站方案相比,优化方案在票价收益提高了0.30%的情况下,减少了22次停站,并使旅客总停站附加时间下降了76.14%,实现了对铁路运输效率和旅客服务质量的兼顾。In order to better coordinate the allocation of railway transport capacity,enhance the quality of passenger travel service,and objectively reflect the game relationship between railway enterprises and passengers,an optimization method of train stop schedule under elastic demand is proposed.Firstly,based on the consideration of elastic demand and strict train capacity constraints,the interrelationships among the train stop schedule,passenger travel cost,and elastic demand are analyzed,thereby formulating an optimization model of train stop schedule.Secondly,the linearization methods such as relaxation and outer approximation techniques are employed to reformulate the model into a linear programming for efficient solution.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by a small-scale example and a real example of Zhengzhou-Xi’an High-Speed Railway,respectively.The results show that the optimized stop schedule achieves a reasonable allocation of railway transport capacity.In comparison to the real stop schedule,the optimized one reduces 22 stops and decreases the total additional stop time of passengers by 76.14%with an increase of 0.30%in fare revenue,which realizes the consideration of both railway transportation efficiency and passenger service quality.

关 键 词：铁路运输 停站方案 弹性需求 用户均衡 线性化方法 

分 类 号：U293.1[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]