基于旋转扫描的高分辨率光子计数测距方法  

High resolution photon counting ranging method based on rotary scanning

作　　者：张瀚夫 刘杰[1,3,4] 安其昌 王建立[1,2,3,4] Zhang Hanfu;Liu Jie;An Qichang;Wang Jianli(Changchun Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics and Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130033,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Wavefront Sensing and Control,Changchun 130033,China;Key Laboratory of Space Object and Debris Observation,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,吉林长春130033 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]吉林省智能波前传感与控制重点实验室,吉林长春130033 [4]中国科学院空间目标与碎片观测重点实验室,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2023年第11期188-196,共9页Infrared and Laser Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(62135015,62005279);国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFA0714102);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2020221);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20220402032GH)。

摘　　要：光子计数测距激光雷达在暗弱目标探测、激光遥感等方面均有着极大的应用潜力。激光固态密集分束照明探测虽然相较逐点扫描的方法而言,能够有效提高探测时效性,但在保证较高探测空间分辨率的条件下,激光能量损耗较大。为了能够既保证对目标的高效探测,同时减少密集分束对激光能量的消耗,提出了旋转扫描与推扫相结合的探测方法。对目标进行激光分束照明后,在推扫的过程中快速旋转激光束群,并利用单光子阵列探测器同时对不同目标点返回的信号光子进行采集,以此在固定时间内得到更多的采样点数据。搭建单光子测距系统,发射端利用光纤将激光进行分束,利用位移台模拟推扫,旋转光纤支架模拟旋转扫描,接收端通过单光子阵列探测器并行接收回波光子。对文中所提方法进行了原理性验证,测量出系统测距的精度和准确度,并对上述二者与光子计数间的关系进行了探究。实验结果表明:对于文中所搭建系统,目标点所在像素位置测距的精度优于1.48 cm,准确度优于2.78 cm。二者均随着光子数的增加而提高,并逐渐趋于一个常数。经过旋转扫描,所测得的深度信息较未经旋转扫描所测深度信息增加了33%。总结可得通过旋转扫描能够有效提高探测得到的目标空间分辨率。Objective Owing to the large loss of the laser during the transmission process,the echo signal light is weak when the target is faint;Therefore,the requirements for the single pulse energy of the laser and the aperture of the telescope are extremely high.Photon counting detection has the advantage of high sensitivity,and can detect weak echo signals.By combining the two technologies of single-photon detection and time-correlated singlephoton counting(TCSPC),laser energy consumption and telescope aperture size can be significantly reduced when detecting faint targets.Photon counting ranging lidar has great application potential in faint target detection and laser remote sensing,etc.Although detection method using solid-state dense beam splitting laser illumination can effectively improve detection timeliness compared to point-by-point scanning methods and ensure high detection spatial resolution,laser energy loss is significant.In order to ensure the efficient detection of targets and reduce the consumption of laser energy caused by dense beam splitting,a detection method combining rotary scanning and push scanning was proposed.In order to better understand the influencing factors of photon counting ranging,the relationship between the above two and photon counts was explored.Methods A single-photon ranging system was built.After illuminating the target by laser beam splitting method,which divides the laser into three beams using optical fibers,a single-photon array detector is used to collect signal photons from different target points in parallel(Fig.2).After data collection is completed,the optical fiber bracket is rotated 30°to simulate rotational scanning,and signal-photon counting is collected again.After rotation,an electric displacement table is used to move the fiber optic bracket to simulate scanning,and signalphoton counting data is collected.This process is repeated to collect a total of 18 target point data.50 sets of data are collected repetitively at each target point,using the standard deviation o

关 键 词：光子计数 激光雷达 激光测距 旋转推扫 

分 类 号：TN215[电子电信—物理电子学]