广义论证的观念与中国古代科学史中的逻辑研究  

The Concept of Generalized Argumentation and the Study of Logic in History of Ancient Chinese Science

作　　者：曾昭式[1] Zeng Zhaoshi(Department of Philosophy,Sun Yat-sen University)

机构地区：[1]中山大学逻辑与认知研究所暨哲学系

出　　处：《科学．经济．社会》2023年第5期1-8,共8页Science Economy Society

摘　　要：在中国科学史研究中,诸多学者的研究成果里都包含着对中国逻辑的论述,或是专门研究中国古代科学的逻辑思想,或将中国逻辑作为中国科学史的内容之一。这些研究大致分为两类:中国古代科学所包含的逻辑和中国古代科学思想的逻辑分析。这些研究者与中国哲学史家、逻辑史家的研究有着一个共同的困惑:如果说逻辑是普遍的,并且逻辑的作用是思想的论证工具,那么,中国古代思想有没有论证工具?广义论证观念为我们研究中国古代逻辑提供了一个逻辑学的边界。Many researches in the field of the history of Chinese science have also touched on a study of Chinese logic.For example,the essay of“On the logical thoughts in ancient Chinese mathematics”and the book of“The History of Chinese Science”,they both take Chinese logic as the main part of their objects of study.Generally,there are two types of studies on Chinese logic in the history of Chinese science:exploring some logic within ancient Chinese science,and analyzing some ancient Chinese scientific thinking from a logical point of view.Similar studies are also abundant in the field of history of Chinese philosophy and history of Chinese logic.However,for all thoese studies,there is a methodological problem that remains to be unresolved:if logic is indeed universal and is the tool for philosophical argument,then,do we really have such a kind of logic in the ancient Chinese thoughts?In this paper,I argue that the concept of generalized argumentation is useful to specify the content and scope of logic,and therefore can help to answer the above question in an adequate way.

关 键 词：中国古代科学 中国古代逻辑 广义论证 

分 类 号：B812[哲学宗教—逻辑学]