新加坡时刻:批判地域主义、殖民根基和深远的后续发展  

Singapore's Moment:Critical Regionalism,its Colonial Roots and Profound Aftermath

作　　者： 孙志健 Mark Crinson;Sun Zhijian

机构地区：[1]伦敦大学伯贝克学院 [2]新加坡国立大学

出　　处：《装饰》2023年第8期56-69,共14页

摘　　要：肯尼斯·弗兰姆普敦的批判地域主义理论提出一种介于“普世文明”和“民族文化”之间的辩证关系,但同时将他选取的建筑案例的政治背景压平为一种否定的形式。弗兰姆普敦提出的这种对立源自保罗·利科,利科直接指出反殖民解放运动面临的文化问题。本文将批判地域主义拉回20世纪60年代初新加坡的后殖民时期语境,将新加坡大会堂和工会大厦(马来建筑事务所Co-Partnership,1962—1965)选为当时的代表作品。这座建筑介于殖民主义和60年代后期飞速现代化发展之间,通过现代主义在独特的地域形式和理性主义的普世形式之间取得了平衡,同时另一种脆弱的协商也与这对平衡密切相关:这座建筑也是象征工人组织与李光耀人民行动党政府形成短暂联盟的产物。本文提出对这些语境下的建筑的更深理解,不仅能揭示与批判地域主义理论相关的政治条件(尤其是后殖民),同时也能反思库哈斯对新加坡在这段时期城市发展的批判。Kenneth Frampton's version of the theory of critical regionalism turns on a dialectics between'universal civilization'and'national culture'while relegating the political circumstances of his chosen architecture merely to a form of negation.Yet Frampton's source for this opposition,Paul Ricoeur,was writing directly about the cultural problems faced by anticolonial liberation movements.This article returns critical regionalism to the immediately post-colonial moment of Singapore in the early 1960s.It explores the Singapore Conference Hall and Trade Union House(Malayan Architects Co-Partnership,1962-1965)as an exemplary building of that period.Between colonialism and the rapid modernization that would be unleashed on Singapore in the later 1960s,the building balanced particular forms of the regional with the universal forms of rationalism that modernism had come to represent.Bound up with this balance was another delicate negotiation.The building was the product and embodiment of the brief alliance between organized labor and the government of Lee Kuan Yew's People's Action Party.The article suggests that a better understanding of the building within these circumstances not only helps to give political,and specifically post-colonial,resonance to theories of critical regionalism,it also provides a counter-balance to Rem Koolhaas's dismissal of this period in Singapore's urban development.

关 键 词：新加坡 批判地域主义 后殖民 城市发展 现代主义 

分 类 号：K339.6[历史地理—历史学] D733.9[历史地理—世界史]