玉兰亚属44种(品种)的花粉形态特征研究  

Morphological Characteristics of Pollen from 44 Species of Subgen.Yulania

作　　者：王啸博 曹颍 郭伟 马琳[1,2] 刘秀丽 WANG Xiaobo;CAO Ying;GUO Wei;MA Lin;LIU Xiuli(School of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation&Molecular Breeding,National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture,Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Botanical Garden,Beijing Floriculture Engineering Technology Research Centre,Beijing 100093,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院,北京100083 [2]花卉种质创新与分子育种北京市重点实验室,国家花卉工程技术研究中心,城乡生态环境北京实验室,北京100083 [3]北京市植物园,北京市花卉园艺工程技术研究中心,北京100093

出　　处：《园艺学报》2023年第11期2417-2434,共18页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：北京市支持中央在京高校共建项目专项(2019GJ-03);北京园林绿化增彩延绿科技创新工程项目(2019-KJC-02-10)。

摘　　要：运用扫描电镜对玉兰亚属44种(8个种,36个品种)植物的花粉形态特征进行了观察研究。44种植物的花粉粒均为单粒,具单沟,为N1P3C3类型花粉,呈长球形或超长球,中等大小(41.49~69.46)μm×(18.50~27.64)μm,左右对称。花粉极面观近球形,赤道面观为椭圆形或长椭圆形,侧面观为舟形。花粉壁表面纹饰较为原始,可以分为6类:孔状纹饰、疣状凸起纹饰、横纹状纹饰、脑沟状凹陷纹饰、短棒状孔穴纹饰和瘤状凸起纹饰。研究结果表明:玉兰亚属不同植物花粉形状、萌发孔沟等特征近似,外壁纹饰差异较大,因此花粉形态可以用于区分不同种类;但不能准确区分玉兰品种,仅可作为品种分类的辅助参考指标。In order to clarify the morphological characteristics of the pollen and taxonomic relationships of the Subgen.Yulania,the present study observed the morphological characteristics of pollen of 44 Subgen.Yulania(including 8 accessions,36 cultivars)using scanning electron microscopy(SEM).Pollen of all tested materials is single-grained with one grooves and belong to N1P3C3-type pollen grains,prolate or perprolate,with size medium(36.06–42.81)μm×(16.39–20.07)μm and symmetrical from left to right.Pollen is subglobose in polar view,oval or long oval in equatorial view,and boat-shaped in lateral view.The extine pattern of pollen is relatively primitive and could be broadly divided into six types:hole-shaped,verrucate shaped,stripe-shaped,brain-shaped,short rod-shaped hole shaped and tuberculate.The results showed that the pollen shape and colpae of different Subgen.Yulania were similar,but the exine varied greatly.Therefore,pollen morphology can be used to distinguish different species.However,due to its low resolution,it is difficult to distinguish Yulania species accurately,and it can only be used as an auxiliary reference index for species classification.

关 键 词：玉兰亚属 花粉形态 扫描电镜 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S685.15[农业科学—观赏园艺]