空气污染会抑制企业全要素生产率吗?  

Does air pollution suppress firm’s total factor productivity?

作　　者：朱帮助 邓雅薇 王平[3] 代昀昊[4] 张三峰 ZHU Bangzhu;DENG Yawei;WANG Ping;DAI Yunhao;ZHANG Sanfeng(Business School,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;School of Business,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;School of Management,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China;School of Economics,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学商学院,南京210044 [2]广西大学工商管理学院,南宁530004 [3]暨南大学管理学院,广州510632 [4]华中科技大学经济学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《系统工程理论与实践》2023年第10期2906-2927,共22页Systems Engineering-Theory & Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(72243002,71974077,72074120)。

摘　　要：本文将2000–2013年中国工业企业数据库290余万条工业企业的非平衡面板数据与县级行政区空气污染数据进行匹配,利用断点回归方法,从理论逻辑和经验证据两个方面考察了空气污染对企业全要素生产率的影响.结果发现:空气污染显著降低了企业全要素生产率.PM_(2.5)每增加10µg/m^(3)致使企业全要素生产率下降0.23%.非国有企业、劳动密集型企业对空气污染更敏感.企业所处城市规模大、环境执法力度强更易于缓解空气污染效应.空气污染可以通过增加企业库存、降低要素生产率、增加融资约束、降低研发投入、增加员工流失等途径抑制企业全要素生产率.本文不仅完善和丰富了空气污染与企业全要素生产率的相关理论,而且为企业可持续发展提供新的实践思路.By matching the unbalanced panel data of over 2.9 million enterprises in Chinese Industrial Enterprise Database from 2000 to 2013 with county-level air pollution data,regression discontinuity design is used to examine the effect of air pollution on firm’s total factor productivity from theoretical logic and empirical evidences.The results show that air pollution significantly reduces firm’s total factor productivity.Every 10µg/m^(3) increase in PM_(2.5) results in a 0.23%decrease in firm’s total factor productivity.Non-state-owned enterprises and laborintensive enterprises are more sensitive to air pollution.Larger scale and higher environmental enforcement intensity cities where enterprises are located are easier to mitigate the effects of air pollution.Air pollution suppresses total factor productivity by increasing inventory,reducing factor productivity,increasing financing constraints,reducing R&D investment and increasing employee turnover.Our paper not only enriches the relevant theories of air pollution and total factor productivity,but also provides new practical ideas for firm’s sustainable developments.

关 键 词：空气污染 全要素生产率 冬季供暖政策 秦岭-淮河分界线 断点回归 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]