无致病力青枯菌FJAT-a RS01的固态发酵及对茄果类蔬菜青枯病的防治效果  

Solid-State Fermentation of Avirulent Ralstonia solanacearum FJAT-aRS01 and Its Control Effect against Bacterial Wilt of Solanaceous Vegetables

作　　者：郑雪芳[1] 王阶平[1] 陈燕萍[1] 车建美[1] 陈峥[1] 陈梅春[1] 刘波[1] ZHENG Xuefang;WANG Jieping;CHEN Yanping;CHE Jianmei;CHEN Zheng;CHEN Meichun;LIU Bo(Institute of Resources,Enviromental and Soil Fertilizer,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou 350003,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院资源环境与土壤肥料研究所,福州350003

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2023年第5期1215-1223,共9页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展专项(2022L3020);福建省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2021R1034003);福建省农业科学院引导性科技创新项目(YDXM202203)。

摘　　要：利用无致病力青枯菌研发植物疫苗防治青枯病是植物病害防治研究中的新途径。无致病力青枯菌FJAT-aRS01具有防效高和稳定遗传等特性。为了进一步开发利用该菌株,本研究以巨菌草渣为其主要发酵培养基,通过正交试验优化培养基配方和发酵条件,固态发酵FJAT-a RS01,并进行质量检测。结果表明,优化后菌株FJAT-aRS01固态发酵培养基配方为巨菌草渣36.36%、玉米粉27.27%、米糠27.27%和稻壳9.09%;发酵条件为接种量15%(10^(8)CFU/mL),料水质量比为1:0.8,装袋量为150 g/袋,发酵时间为48 h;在该发酵条件下,FJAT-aRS01的固态发酵物活菌数可达到1.80×10^(9)CFU/g,其营养成分含量超过微生物肥料的国家标准(NY/T 798-2015);FJAT-a RS01固态发酵物浸提液的50倍稀释液能促进番茄种子萌发,其100倍稀释液能促进辣椒和茄子种子萌发;在栽培基质中添加质量百分比≤15%的FJAT-aRS01固态发酵物能促进植株生长,添加质量百分比25%的FJAT-a RS01固态发酵物对于番茄、辣椒和茄子青枯病的防效均达75%以上。综上所述,无致病力青枯菌FJAT-aRS01的固态发酵物具有促生防病功能,具备良好的应用前景。Using avirulent Ralstonia solanacearum to produce‘plant vaccine’is a novel approach to control bacterial wilt disease.The avirulent strain of R.solanacearum FJAT-aRS01 has higher control effect against bacterial wilt and genetic stability.To further application of this strain,the agents of FJAT-aRS01 were produced by solid-state fermentation using the fibrous residues of Pennisetum giganteum as the main medium,the medium formulation and fermentation conditions were optimized by orthogonal test,and the quality of agents was detected.The optimized solid-state fermentation medium formulation of the strain FJAT-aRS01 was Pennisetum giganteum residues 36.36%,corn flour 27.27%,rice bran 27.27%,and rice husk 9.09%.The optimal fermentation conditions were as follows:inoculum concentration of 15%(10^(8) CFU/mL),material to water ratio of 1:0.8,150 g fermentation materialsper bag and 48 h fermentation time.The aforementioned optimization achieved 1.80×10^(9) CFU/g of FJAT-aRS01 bacterial colonies in the solid inoculum,and the content of the nutrient components exceeded the national standard of microbial fertilizers(NY/T 798-2015).The extract solution of FJAT-aRS01 agents with 50 and 100 dilution ratio could promote seed germination of tomato,pepper and eggplant,respectively.Morever,the FJAT-aRS01 agents could improve plant growth when the dosage was less than 15%,and had a control efficiency of above 75%when the dosage was more than 25%.The results indicated that FJAT-aRS01 agents had good application prospect in growth-promoting and disease prevention.

关 键 词：青枯病 青枯雷尔氏菌 无致病力菌株 固态发酵 茄果类蔬菜 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]