基于储能惯性响应的电网紧急频率控制方法  

Grid Emergency Frequency Control Method Based on Energy Storage Inertial Response

作　　者：苏大威 郝雨辰 高水朋 葛乐[2] SU Dawei;HAO Yuchen;GAO Shuipeng;GE Le(State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210024,Jiangsu Province,China;School of Electric Power Engineering,Nanjing Institute of Technology,Nanjing 211167,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]国网江苏省电力有限公司,江苏省南京市210024 [2]南京工程学院电力工程学院,江苏省南京市211167

出　　处：《全球能源互联网》2023年第6期640-649,共10页Journal of Global Energy Interconnection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51707089);国家电网有限公司总部科技项目(电化学储能电站群在特高压交直流混联受端电网应用关键技术研究及示范)。

摘　　要：针对特高压直流闭锁等原因造成的受端电网频率严重跌落问题,提出一种储能紧急频率控制策略。首先,建立储能参与紧急频率控制的数学模型。其次,对于大功率缺额后发电机组惯性响应不足问题,提出了改进的频率变化率(rate of change of frequency,RoCoF)下垂控制策略以提高储能的惯量支撑,根据储能比例分配系数实时调节储能虚拟惯性及下垂控制出力;惯性响应阶段以RoCoF下垂控制为主、虚拟惯性控制为辅,抑制系统频率变化率;结合频率调节需求和储能系统出力特点提出不同区域的调频策略,并通过模糊控制量化处理区域控制偏差及荷电状态不确定性,提高储能系统频率控制的精度。最后,以某电网实际算例仿真验证了所提方法的有效性和工程实用性。Aiming at the serious drop of receiving end power frequency caused by UHVDC blocking,an energy storage emergency frequency control strategy is proposed.Firstly,the mathematical model of energy storage participating in emergency frequency control is established.Secondly,for the problem of insufficient inertia response of generator set after DC blocking,an improved rate of change of frequency(RoCoF)droop control strategy is proposed to improve the inertia support of energy storage.According to the energy storage proportional distribution coefficient,the virtual inertia and droop control output of the energy storage are adjusted in real-time.RoCoF droop control is mainly used in the inertial response stage,supplemented by virtual inertia control,and the frequency change rate of the system is suppressed.Combined with the demand for frequency regulation and the output characteristics of energy storage system,the frequency regulation strategy of different regions is proposed,and the uncertainty of regional control deviation(ACE)and state of charge(SOC)is quantified by fuzzy control to improve the accuracy of frequency control of energy storage system.Finally,the effectiveness and engineering practicability of the proposed method are verified by the simulation of a practical example of a power grid.

关 键 词：特高压直流闭锁 紧急频率控制 模糊控制 荷电状态 区域控制偏差 

分 类 号：TM734[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]