煤矿降尘剂性能和复配优化实验研究  

Experimental Study on the Performance and Compound Optimization of Dust Control Agent in the Coal Mine

作　　者：谢子超 XIE Zichao(School of Mine Safety,North China University of Science and Technology,Beijing 065201,China)

机构地区：[1]华北科技学院矿山安全学院,北京065201

出　　处：《煤》2023年第12期11-14,19,共5页Coal

基　　金：安全生产重大事故防治关键技术科技项目(zhishu-0012-2017AQ)。

摘　　要：在矿山开采过程中,产生的煤尘不但是重大危险源,还会对人的身体健康产生严重的威胁。文章通过研究SDBS、SAS、CAB-35、吐温-80和CMC,5种表面活性剂的保水性和对煤的润湿性,根据化学降尘的方法,通过将不同的表面活性剂添加到水溶液中来对降尘剂的配方进行研究。结果表明,表面活性剂单体吐温-80的保水性略优于其他试剂,但差异不大;表面活性剂单体SDBS对煤尘的润湿特性较好,在浓度很低的情况下其润湿速度就较为快速;对不同的表面活性剂进行复配,对复配出的新溶液同样进行保水性试验和煤尘润湿性试验,根据实验结果优选出的复配溶液是SDBS+SAS,保水性和煤尘润湿性都有所提升,且降尘速度快,最终得到降尘效果好、环保且经济成本低的高效实用降尘剂配方0.25%SDBS+0.25%SAS.In the process of mining,the dust produced is not only a major hazard source but also a serious threat to human health.In this paper,the water retention and wettability of five surfactants,SDBS,SAS,CAB-35,Twain-80,and CMC,were studied.According to the method of chemical dust removal,different surfactants were added to the aqueous solution to study the formulation of the dust removal agent.The results show that the surfactant monomer SDBS has good wetting characteristics on coal dust,and its wetting speed is faster when the concentration is very low.Different surfactants were mixed,and a water retention test and coal dust wettability test were also carried out on the new solution.SDBS+SAS was finally selected as the preferred compunction,with improved water retention and coal dust wettability,and the dust removal speed was fast.Finally,the effective and practical dust removal agent formula 0.25%SDBS+0.25%SAS with good dust removal effect,environmental protection,the low economic cost was obtained.

关 键 词：煤尘 表面活性剂 保水性 润湿性 降尘剂 

分 类 号：TD714.4[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]