沙柳沙障腐烂过程真菌多样性及其对环境因子的响应  

Fungal Diversity and Its Response to Environmental Factors During Decay Process of Salix Psammophila Sand Barriers

作　　者：梁钰镁 高永 蒙仲举 阿拉腾陶格苏 Liang Yumei;Gao Yong;Meng Zhongju;A Latengtaogesu(College of Desert Control Science and Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010018,China;Ordos Geological Survey and Monitoring Institute,Ordos,Inner Mongolia 017000,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]鄂尔多斯市地质调查监测院,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2023年第5期18-26,共9页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划专题“沙区林光互补—防风固沙—沙产业一体化生态修复及生态效益评估技术”(2022YFF1303404)。

摘　　要：[目的]分析沙柳沙障腐烂过程对真菌群落组成及多样性的影响,为进一步探究荒漠生态系统真菌群落的生态功能提供理论依据。[方法]选取1,3,5,7a的沙柳沙障为研究对象,新铺设的沙障作为对照,采用野外原位取样、室内指标测定和Illumina MiSeq测序技术,揭示沙柳沙障腐烂过程中真菌多样性与沙障成分、土壤性质及酶活性之间的响应关系。[结果](1)瓶霉属、木霉属、Knufia属、维罗纳霉属和锥毛壳属均呈上升趋势,但亚隔孢壳属和Phaeococcomyces属呈下降趋势,真菌多样性与丰富度整体表现为增加。(2)7a的有机碳、碱解氮和可溶性有机碳分别是对照的2.47,1.83,1.71倍,β-1,4-葡萄糖苷酶和亮氨酸氨基肽酶活性分别增加了139.36%和35.16%。(3)Knufia属、近地伞属、维罗纳霉属和锥毛壳属分别与有机碳,碱解氮和可溶性有机碳呈显著正相关,但与纤维素和半纤维呈显著负相关(p<0.05)。冗余RDA分析结果表明,纤维素和碱解氮是影响优势菌群丰度的主要因子,碱解氮和亮氨酸氨基肽酶是影响多样性指数的主要因子。[结论]在沙柳沙障腐烂过程中,优势真菌属和多样性均受到多种因子的综合影响,碱解氮为两者的主要影响因子。在未来的研究中需进一步结合FUNGuild数据库探讨优势真菌群所具有的生态功能。[Objective]The effects of Salix psammophila sand barrier decay on the composition and diversity of fungal communities were analyzed in order to provide a theoretical basis for further research on the ecological function of fungal communities in desert ecosystems.[Methods]S.psammophila sand barriers aged 1,3,5,and 7 years were observed,and newly laid sand barriers were used as the control.Field in-situ sampling,laboratory index determination,and Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology were used to determine the response relationships between fungal diversity and sand barrier components,soil properties,and enzyme activities during sand barrier decay.[Results]①The relative abundance of Phialophora,Trichoderma,Knufia,Veronaea and Coniochaeta increased over time,while Didymella and Phaeococcomyces decreased over time.Fungal diversity and richness increased over time.②Soil organic carbon,alkaline nitrogen,and dissolved organic carbon at seven years were 2.47,1.83,and 1.71 times higher,respectively,than observed for the control.Activities ofβ-1,4-glucosidase and leucine aminopeptidase significantly increased by 139.36%and 35.16%,respectively.③Knufia,Parasola,Veronaea,and Coniochaeta were positively correlated with soil organic carbon,alkaline nitrogen,and dissolved orgainic carbon,but negatively correlated with cellulose and hemifiber(p<0.05).The results of the redundancy analysis showed that cellulose and alkaline nitrogen were the main environmental factors that significantly affected the abundance of dominant fungal communities,and alkaline nitrogen and leucine aminopeptidase were the main factors that influenced the diversity index.[Conclusion]Both the dominant fungal genera and diversity were affected by a combination of factors during S.psammophila sand barrier decay.Alkaline nitrogen was the main influencing factor for both dominant fungal genera and diversity.Future studies should further explore the ecological functions of the dominant fungal groups in combination with the FUNGuild database.

关 键 词：沙柳沙障 腐烂分解 真菌多样性 沙障化学组分 土壤性质 

分 类 号：S775[农业科学—森林工程]