旱地移栽机械取苗机构发展现状与趋势  

Development status and trends of the development of seedling pick-up mechanism of transplanter in dry land

作　　者：黄鸣辉 汤庆 宋哲文 刘浩 吴洋 朱庭伟 HUANG Minghui;TANG Qing;SONG Zhewen;LIU Hao;WU Yang;ZHU Tingwei(Sinomach Changlin Company Limited,Changzhou 213000,China;Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]国机重工集团常林有限公司,江苏常州213000 [2]农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《智能化农业装备学报（中英文）》2023年第4期57-64,共8页Journal of Intelligent Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金(2023M740866);江苏省科技计划专项资金项目(BN2022055);江苏省工业和信息产业转型升级专项资金项目。

摘　　要：取苗机构是旱地移栽机的重要工作部件之一,决定了移栽质量、可靠性和效率。是实现移栽自动化的关键。通过研究国内外取苗机构的发展现状,介绍了6种典型的旱地移栽机械取苗机构,分别是连杆式取苗机构、行星齿轮系取苗机构、气动式取苗机构、顶杆式取苗机构、夹取式取苗机构、移栽取苗机器人,从取苗速度、结构复杂重度、成本等方面比较了各自的优缺点,针对目前取苗机构存在的取苗速度低、取苗质量差以及智能化程度低的问题,提出了旱地移栽机取苗机构研发的发展趋势,自动化取苗机构是最合适的取苗机构而机器人取苗机构将是最终选择。目前取苗机构还在不断发展,正在向高速、高效、智能等方向发展。Seedling pick-up mechanism play an important role in the transplanter of dry land,which determines the quality,reliability and efficiency of transplanting.It is the key to realize transplanting automation.Based on the study of the current situation of seedling collecting mechanism at home and abroad,this paper introduces several typical seedling collecting mechanisms of transplanting machinery in dry land.They are connecting rod seedling picking mechanism,planetary gear system seedling picking mechanism,pneumatic seedling picking mechanism,ejector rod seedling picking mechanism,clamping seedling picking mechanism and transplanting seedling picking robot.Their advantages and disadvantages are compared from the aspects of seedling picking speed,complicated structure and cost.Automatic seedling collecting mechanism is the most suitable seedling collecting mechanism,while robot seedling collecting mechanism will be the final choice.At present,the seedling picking mechanism is still developing,and it is developing in the direction of high speed,high efficiency and intelligence.

关 键 词：旱地移栽机械 取苗机构 连杆式 顶杆式 夹取式 

分 类 号：S223.9[农业科学—农业机械化工程]