离子液体非共价诱导制备碳纳米管/石墨烯集流体用于钠金属负极  

The Preparation of Carbon Nanotubes/Reduced Graphene Oxide Current Collector by Non-covalent Induction of Ionic Liquid for Sodium Metal Anode

作　　者：刘稳 王昱捷 杨慧琴 李成杰[2] 吴娜 颜洋[1] Liu Wen;Wang Yujie;Yang Huiqin;Li Chengjie;Wu Na;Yan Yang(State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals,School of Chemical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Panjin 124221,China;Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Clean Utilization of Chemical Resources,Weifang University of Science and Technology,Weifang 262700,China;Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nanomaterials of Hebei Province,College of Chemistry and Material Science,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学化工学院、精细化工国家重点实验室,盘锦124221 [2]潍坊科技学院化工与环境学院、山东省化工资源清洁利用工程实验室,潍坊262700 [3]河北师范大学化学与材料科学学院、河北省无机纳米材料重点实验室,石家庄050024

出　　处：《化学学报》2023年第10期1379-1386,共8页Acta Chimica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22179018,22279028);辽宁省自然科学基金(2021MS132);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020QB129);河北省杰出青年基金(B2021205019)资助.

摘　　要：钠金属电池因丰富的钠资源储备在大规模储能中具有广泛的应用前景.然而钠金属电池存在钠金属活性高、形成的固体电解质界面膜(SEI膜)不稳定、金属钠体积膨胀大等问题,限制了其应用.本工作利用离子液体与sp^(2)碳间的非共价作用,诱导碳纳米管和还原氧化石墨烯进行自组装,制备得到了碳纳米管支撑的石墨烯高导电三维多孔碳(3D-GC)集流体.制备得到的3D-GC具有三维多孔结构,可以为金属钠提供较大的储存空间.另外,复合材料具有较高的导电性,得到了较低的金属钠的沉积过电位(5.6 mV).3D-GC@Na负极具有良好的电化学性能,在电流密度为1 mA·cm^(−2),沉积容量为1 mAh·cm^(−2)时,在240次充放电循环过程中始终保持了较高的库伦效率(CE),平均CE为99.6%.与Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(2)F_(3)组装全电池也表现出优异的电化学性能.Sodium metal batteries have been regarded as promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems due to their impressive capacity and natural abundance.However,the high reactivity of Na,unstable solid electrolyte interface(SEI)and Na metal dendrite growth with safety hazards inhibit their applications.Various strategies have been proposed to solve the above issues.Designing porous current collectors has been recognized as one of the most promising solutions.Porous carbon/carbon nanotubes/graphene-based materials are widely investigated as host materials for sodium metal anode.However,the sp^(2) carbon faces serious issues,such as aggregation or stacking because of their π-π interactions.Herein,we tackle this issue by using ionic liquid as additive during hydrothermal process.The non-covalent interaction between 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium(Bmim^(+))and sp^(2) carbon(carbon nanotubes and reduced graphene oxide)helps to inhibit the aggregation of CNTs and the stacking of rGO layers.Also,their interactions induced the CNTs and rGO to form three dimensional(3D)porous carbon(3D-GC)current collector.The ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bisulfate([Bmim][HSO_(4)])plays great role as a stabilizer and surfactant.The reduced surface tension of the system is also favorable for uniformly interweaving the CNTs and rGO.The prepared 3D-GC exhibit micro-meso-macro porous structure,which provides a large storage space for sodium metal.Meantime,the composite shows a high electrical conductivity,leading to a low deposition overpotential(5.6 mV)of sodium metal.As a result,the 3D-GC@Na anode exhibit an impressive cycling stability for over 1450 cycles(2900 h)at 1 mA·cm^(−2) with a capacity of 1 mAh·cm^(−2).Moreover,when being used in full cells with Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(2)F_(3) as cathode,they also show well performances.

关 键 词：离子液体 还原氧化石墨烯 碳纳米管 非共价作用 钠金属负极 

分 类 号：TB383.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]