1440.00 m×253.49 m单船底层拖网渔具渔法调查分析  

Investigation and analysis on Fishing Gear and Methods of 1440.00 m×253.49m Single Boat Bottom Trawl

作　　者：党璐瑶 郑基 陈慧玲 唐军伟 查秉男 DANG Luyao;ZHENG Ji;CHEN Huiling;TANG Junwei;ZHA Bingnan(Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan Zhejiang 316022;Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Equipment Technology Research,Zhoushan Zhejiang 316022)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学,浙江舟山316022 [2]浙江省海洋渔业装备技术研究重点实验室,浙江舟山316022

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2023年第23期146-153,共8页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划项目“智能化海洋渔业装备技术研究-节能省力高效型远洋拖网渔具装备集成技术研究与推广应用”(2018C02040);重点实验室开放基金“东南太平洋头足类资源探测和装备技术研究及其应用示范”(21037004918)。

摘　　要：本文采用实际调查的方法对1440.00 m×253.49 m的单船底层拖网渔具结构、装配方法、操作技术、渔期渔场、经济效益与存在的问题等进行分析,得出以下结论:该网在东海区生产作业处于中下层,对海底的生态系统破坏较小,属于环境友好型网具。浙江省台州市、温州市的单船底层拖网从业人员占渔业总劳动力的50%左右,单船底层拖网单船产值一般为230万~240万元,虽然其作业产值较桁杆拖虾网和帆张网稍低,但具有所需作业人员少、操作简单的优点。建议将网囊改为横目装配,网目内径尺寸改为54 mm,以有效释放幼鱼、促进渔业资源的可持续利用。于2022年1月14—18日通过浙普渔32228进行拖网海上试验,对比分析了改良网和对照网捕捞的渔获物,验证了该建议的可行性。This paper used the practical investigation method to analyze the fishing gear structure,assembling method,operation technology,fishing season and fishing ground,economic benefit and existing problems of 1440.00 m×253.49 m single boat bottom trawl,and drew the following conclusions:when producing and working in the East China Sea,the net was in the middle and lower layers,causing less damage to the benthic ecosystem,so it belonged to the environment-friendly net.The single boat bottom trawl workers in Taizhou and Wenzhou of Zhejiang Province accounted for about 50%of the total labor force.The output value of single vessel for single boat bottom trawl was generally between 2.3 million and 2.4 million yuan.Although its operating output value was slightly lower than that of beam shrimp trawl and canvas spreader stow net,it had the advantages of fewer workers and simpler operation.In order to release larvae effectively and promote sustainable utilization of fishery resources,the research suggested that the codend should be changed to use horizontal assembly and the inner diameter size of mesh should be changed to 54 mm.The feasibility of the proposed methods was verified by comparing the catches caught by improved net and control net in the sea trawl experiment conducted by Zhepuyu 32228 from January 14 to 18,2022.

关 键 词：单船底层拖网 渔具渔法 环境友好型 改良建议 

分 类 号：S972.13[农业科学—捕捞与储运]