反电势中值滤波的无刷直流电机无感控制策略  

Position Sensorless Control Strategy of Brushless DC Motors Based on Back EMF Median Filter

作　　者：宋开元 吕晓东 SONG Kaiyuan;LYU Xiaodong(Polytechnic Institute of Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310015,China;State Grid Huzhou Power Supply Company,Huzhou Zhejiang 313000,China;Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Electrical Machine Systems,Hangzhou 310027,China;Hangzhou Riding Control Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 311305,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学工程师学院,杭州310015 [2]国家电网湖州供电公司,浙江湖州313000 [3]浙江省电机系统智能控制与变流技术重点实验室,杭州310027 [4]杭州日鼎控制技术有限公司,杭州311305

出　　处：《微电机》2023年第11期30-37,共8页Micromotors

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(NSFC-51837010)(重点项目)。

摘　　要：针对反电动势法控制无刷直流电机低速无感运行时反电动势波形会产生严重畸变的问题,提出了一种基于中值滤波器的无刷直流电机反电动势无感控制策略。首先基于电机电压方程得出在H_PWM-L_ON这种PWM调制方式下的悬空相电压方程,得到精确的反电动势过零点;其次通过Simulink仿真对比使用中值滤波器和普通反电动势法这两种方法所取得的效果,体现了所提方法的优越性,并对中值滤波器的窗口大小给出设计依据;最后在PWM_ON调制方式下进行仿真,证明所提方法不受PWM调制方式的影响,且通过滞后超前换相进一步抑制换相转矩脉动,取得了较好的效果。一系列的仿真证明了本文所提出的无位置传感器控制方法在无刷直流电机低速运行时具有良好的换相精度和高可靠性。Aiming at the phenomenon that the back EMF waveform of brushless DC motor is seriously distorted when the motor is controlled by back EMF to run at low speed without position sensors,a brushless DC motor back EMF position sensorless control strategy based on median filter was proposed.Firstly,based on the motor voltage equation,the suspended phase voltage equation under the PWM modulation mode of H_PWM-L_ON was obtained,and the accurate zero crossing point of the back EMF was also obtained.Secondly,Simulink was used to carry out simulation experiments to compare the effects achieved by the method of using the median filter with the effects achieved by the method of ordinary back EMF method,which reflected the superiority of the proposed method.And this paper gave a design basis for the window size of the median filter.Finally,simulation was carried out by the PWM_ON modulation method,which was used to prove that the proposed method was not affected by the PWM modulation method.And the commutation torque ripple was further suppressed by the Lag ahead of commutation.Then good results were obtained.A series of simulation experiments have proved that the position sensorless control method proposed in this paper has good commutation accuracy and high reliability when brushless DC motor is running at low speed.

关 键 词：无刷直流电机 无位置传感器控制 中值滤波 反电势法 

分 类 号：TM361[电气工程—电机] TP273[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]