西方经济学反贫困理论的马克思主义批判  

Marxist Criticism of Anti-poverty Theory of Western Economics

作　　者：吴万运 WU Wanyun(School of Marxism,Anhui University,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学马克思主义学院,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《合肥工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第6期128-135,共8页Journal of Hefei University of Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：安徽大学博士科研启动基金项目(S020318005/025)。

摘　　要：西方经济学反贫困理论大致可分为两种研究范式:注重经济发展自动减贫效应的(新)古典分析法和注重贫困是由于制度内生并由多因素影响的制度分析法,由此而形成了“经济传统”和“制度传统”两条理论发展主线,并在上百年的发展历程中取得了丰硕成果。但是它们的资产阶级立场、“治标不治本”的政策主张以及微乎其微的反贫困效果决定了它不可能是中国反贫困事业的理论指导。因此,无论是反绝对贫困的“中国方案”还是后续对相对贫困的治理,都必须坚持马克思主义反贫困理论的指导地位,在此基础上充分借鉴和吸收西方经济学反贫困理论的合理有益部分。Anti-poverty theory of western economics can be roughly divided into two research paradigms:the(neo-)classical analysis method that focuses on the automatic poverty reduction effect of the economic development,and the institutional analysis method that pays attention to institutional roots of poverty and the influence of multiple factors.As a result,the two main lines of theoretical development of“economic tradition”and“institutional tradition”have been formed,and fruitful results have been achieved in the course of development over the past hundred years.However,their bourgeois stand,policy proposition that“fails to address the root cause of the problem”and minimal anti-poverty effect determine that it cannot be the theoretical guidance for China’s anti-poverty cause.Therefore,for the Chinese solutions of anti-absolute poverty and the subsequent governance of relative poverty,we must adhere to the guiding position of Marxist anti-poverty theory,and on this basis,absorb and draw on the reasonable and beneficial parts of the anti-poverty theory of western economics.

关 键 词：西方经济学 马克思主义 反贫困理论 理论批判 相对贫困 

分 类 号：F0-0[经济管理—政治经济学]