星孢寄生菇的分离鉴定筛选及其生理特性相关性  

Isolation,Identification,Screening and Correlation of Physiological Characteristics of Asterophora lycoperdoides

作　　者：周会明 王志敏 古广红 孔雨非 李加豪 保龙倩 康晟菀 赵燕 ZHOU Huiming;WANG Zhimin;GU Guanghong;KONG Yufei;LI Jiahao;BAO Longqian;KANG Shengwan;ZHAO Yan(School of Biotechnology and Engineering,West Yunnan University,Lincang Yunnan 677000,China)

机构地区：[1]滇西科技师范学院生物技术与工程学院,云南临沧677000

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2023年第12期1943-1952,共10页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：云南省地方本科高校(部分)基础研究联合专项[2019FH001(-059)]。

摘　　要：开展星孢寄生菇(Asterophora lycoperdoides)的分离鉴定及其营养生理与个体发育相关性研究,以期为加快其他珍稀菇类的驯化进程奠定基础。从3株野生寄生菇属子实体中分离获得纯培养菌丝体,采用形态学与分子生物学鉴定其分类地位。以子实体湿质量与生物学效率为主要指标,筛选最优菌株及其基础培养基,并测定营养物的种类、增加倍数及其加入方式对最优菌株个体发育的影响。结果表明:两种鉴定方法结果一致,3株真菌均为星孢寄生菇。菌株YAASM4665在9种筛选培养基上的农艺性状优于其他菌株,最优基础培养基为小麦粉15 g、米饭35 g、水50 mL,pH自然。当基础培养基中的水增加至80 mL或用50 mL土豆汁代替,加入0.50%的葡萄糖,用等质量的黑豆粉代替小麦粉,营养物增加1/2倍以及营养物混合加入等单因素处理下,该菌株的农艺性状综合表现较好,其中土豆汁培养基子实体湿质量最大(4.86 g),黑豆粉培养基生物学效率最高(8.50%),基质中加入2%的葡萄糖时最有利于延迟厚垣孢子的形成。厚垣孢子形成期与其他农艺性状存在一定程度的相关性,菌丝萌发期与子实体湿质量是其主要影响因素。总之,星孢寄生菇个体发育受菌株遗传特性和营养因素的影响,厚垣孢子的形成不利于该菇子实体正常发育,菌丝萌发期对其综合影响最大,可为其他菇类的驯化提供参考。The isolation and identification of Asterophora lycoperdoides and the correlation between their nutritional physiology and ontogeny were invesitigated to provide a theoretical basis for expediting the domestication process of other rare mushrooms.In this paper,three pure cultured mycelia strains were isolated from the fruiting bodies of three wild Asterophora.Their taxonomic statuses were identified by morphology and molecular biology.The wet mass and biological efficiency of the fruiting bodies were used as the main indicators to screen and identify the optimal strains and their corresponding basic media.The effects of different nutrient types,increase multiples and addition methods of nutrients on the ontogeny of the optimal strain were determined..The two identification approaches consistently categorized the three wild fungi strains within the A.lycoperdoides species.Among the screened media,strain YAASM4665 exhibited superior agronomic traits on nine media compositions,with the optimal basic media consisting of 15 g of wheat flour,35 g of cooked rice,and 50 mL of water,maintaining a natural pH value.A comprehensive investigation of five factors,including increasing the water content in basic media to 80 mL or substituting it with 50 mL of potato juice,adding 0.50%glucose,replacing wheat flour with an equal mass of black bean flour,increasing nutrient levels by 1/2 multiples,and nutrient mixture,resulted in the optimal strain outperforming all other selected media.The highest fruiting body wet mass was achieved using potato juice(4.86 g),while the black bean flour media exhibited the highest biological efficiency(8.50%).The addition of 2%glucose facilitated chlamydospore formation delay.The chlamydospore formation period was found to be correlated with other agronomic traits to some extent,The mycelia germination period and fruiting body wet mass were identified as the main influencing factors.In conclusion,the ontogeny of A.lycoperdoides is affected by the genetic traits of the strainand nutrient factors,the

关 键 词：星孢寄生菇 分离鉴定 菌株筛选 营养生理 个体发育 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]