锭子药的命名源流及功用演变探究  

Exploration of the Naming Origin and Function Evolution of Spindle Medicine

作　　者：李浩天 呼思乐[2] 徐唱 李玉波[2] 刘燕君 LI Haotian;HU Sie;XU Chang;LI Yubo;LIU Yanjun(School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Beijing Univetsity of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China;Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;Department of History,Washington University,St.Louis 63130,United States)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学中医学院,北京100029 [2]中国中医科学院中医基础理论研究所,北京100700 [3]美国圣路易斯华盛顿大学历史系,圣路易斯63130

出　　处：《中国中医基础医学杂志》2023年第12期2063-2066,共4页JOURNAL OF BASIC CHINESE MEDICINE

基　　金：故宫博物院2021年开放课题(202111038);北京市中医管理局北京中医药文化资源调查项目(B202105);中国青基会梅赛德斯-奔驰星愿基金项目;北京故宫文物保护基金会资助项目。

摘　　要：锭子药(锭剂)是富有特色的中医药剂型,使用时内服外用皆可。本文试图通过梳理锭子药的命名源流及功用演化来展现锭子药在中国医药发展史中的面貌,并探讨其在中医药历史中独特的医学价值和文化属性。研究发现,汉唐文献中的挺状物就是锭子药的前身,“锭”借音于“铤”,而“铤”与“梃”“挺”互为通假字;从宋元开始,锭子药因为用法灵活被广泛传播,而其命名的逐渐固定可能与白银货币化的社会背景相关;明清之后,由于其疗效明确突出,锭子药在各社会场景中被广泛使用。锭子药(锭剂)在历代的不断发展演化中,其医药功用从外用药发展到口服以及外用口服皆可,治疗范围包括治疗便秘、耳病、眼病等。同时还衍生出了作为礼品(保健品)的功用,并在一段时期也被作为军事用品记载于史料中。Spindle medicine(pastille) is a distinctive type of traditional Chinese medicine medication that can be taken orally or used externally.This article presents the appearance of spindle medicine in the history of Chinese medicine development by organizing the naming origin and functional evolution of spindle medicine,and explores its unique medical value and cultural attributes in the history of traditional Chinese medicine.Research has found that the Ting shaped substance in Han and Tang literature is the predecessor of spindle medicine,with "Ding" borrowed from "Ding",and "Ding" " Sting",and "Ting" are interchangeable characters;From the Song dynasty to the Yuan dynasty,spindle medicine was widely spread due to its flexible usage,and its gradually fixed naming may be related to the social background of silver monetization;After the Ming and Qing dynasties,due to its clear and prominent therapeutic effect,spindle medicine was widely used in various social settings.In the continuous development and evolution of various dynasties,the medicinal functions of pastille drugs have evolved from external use to oral and external use.The treatment scope includes the treatment of constipation,ear diseases,eye diseases,etc.At the same time,it also derived its function as a gift(health product) and was recorded as a military item in historical records for a period of time.

关 键 词：锭子药 锭剂 中医药文化 故宫 历史溯源 

分 类 号：R229[医药卫生—中医基础理论]