多孔粒状硝酸铵含量对现场混装乳化炸药的性能影响  

Influence of Porous Granular Ammonium Nitrate Content on the Performance of Field Mixed Emulsion Explosive

作　　者：牛草原 黄文尧[1] 刘小辉 辛有利 贾云佳 高玉刚 胡洁 NIU Cao-yuan;HUANG Wen-yao;LIU Xiao-hui;XIN You-li;JIA Yun-jia;GAO Yu-gang;HU Jie(School of Chemical Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,China;Jinduicheng Molybdenum Co.,LTD.,Weinan Shaanxi 714000,China;Huaibei Blasting Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,China Coal Technology&Engineering Group,Huaibei Anhui 235000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学化学工程学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]金堆城钼业股份有限公司,陕西渭南714000 [3]中煤科工集团淮北爆破技术研究院有限公司,安徽淮北235000

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2023年第11期999-1006,I0005,共9页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

摘　　要：为提高现场混装乳化炸药的性能,在其中加入质量分数分别为0%、3%、6%、9%、12%、15%的多孔粒状硝酸铵,制备6组炸药样品;通过扫描电镜分析了多孔粒状硝酸铵的微观形貌结构;使用B-W法计算了炸药的爆热和爆速,测试了炸药样品的黏度、密度与爆速,并将该炸药在金堆城钼矿进行工程应用。结果表明,炸药的黏度随着多孔粒状硝酸铵含量增加而上升,当质量分数为0~12%时,黏度为1.75×10^(5)~2.97×10^(5)mPa·s;理论爆热由2382.95kJ/kg升至2790.89kJ/kg;理论爆速由4229m/s升至4683m/s;实际爆速受装药密度影响,先由4198m/s升至5294m/s,后下降至4578m/s。当多孔粒状硝酸铵质量分数为9%时,炸药实际爆速达到最高,应用于矿山爆破中,爆后岩石块度下降,矿石粉矿率由30%增加到45%。In order to improve the performance of the on-site mixed emulsion explosive,six groups of explosive samples were prepared by adding 0%,3%,6%,9%,12%and 15%in mass fraction of porous granular ammonium nitrate.The micro morphology and structure of porous granular ammonium nitrate were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy.The detonation heat and detonation velocity of the explosives were calculated by B-W method,and the viscosity,density and detonation velocity of the explosive samples were tested.The results show that the viscosity of the explosive increases with an increase in the mass fraction of porous granular ammonium nitrate.When the mass fraction is 0%to 12%,the viscosity ranges from 1.75×10^(5)mPa·s to 2.97×10^(5)mPa·s.The theoretical heat of explosion increases from 2382.95kJ/kg to 2790.89kJ/kg,and the theoretical detonation velocity increases from 4229m/s to 4683m/s.The actual detonation velocity first increases from 4198m/s to 5294m/s and then decreases to 4578m/s under the influence of charge density.When the mass fraction of porous granular ammonium nitrate is 9%,the actual detonation velocity of explosive reaches the highest.When the explosive is applied in the mine blasting,the rock fragmentation decreases after blasting and the ore fines rate increases from 30% to 45%.

关 键 词：物理化学 多孔粒状硝酸铵 现场混装乳化炸药 工业炸药 黏度 爆速 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TQ564[化学工程—炸药化工]