盲文摸读时大脑皮质功能的特点  

The Characteristics of Cerebral Cortex Function in Braille Reading

作　　者：齐保莉 宿淑华[1] QI Baoli;SU Shuhua(School of Education and Psychology,University of Jinan,Jinan,250022)

机构地区：[1]济南大学教育与心理科学学院,济南250022

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2023年第10期36-44,共9页Chinese Journal of Special Education

基　　金：全国教育科学“十三五”规划2019年度教育部青年课题“基于语音加工技能的盲生阅读理解能力提升研究”(课题批准号:EHA190491)研究成果之一。

摘　　要：盲人通过摸读盲文进行阅读。在盲文摸读时,盲人大脑皮质功能发生改变,主要表现为视觉词形区被激活且具有多项功能,枕叶视觉皮质功能发生跨模态重组且具备获取触觉信息和高级语言加工的功能,同时顶叶-枕叶皮质间的功能连接也被增强。失明年龄相关的早期视觉经验缺失、盲文摸读训练与学习以及口语会对盲人大脑皮质功能改变产生一定的影响。对盲文摸读进行研究既为盲文教学策略的选择提供依据,又丰富了阅读神经机制的研究。未来盲文摸读神经机制研究应关注对不同年龄段盲人群体的比较研究、视觉经验缺失的影响、盲文摸读时大脑不同区域的功能以及盲文摸读的跨语言比较研究。The blind people read by touching braille.During braille reading,the function of the cerebral cortex of the blind is changed,which is mainly reflected in the activation of visual word form area and it's multiple functions;the cross-modal reorganization of the occipital visual cortex,the acquisition of tactile information and high-level language processing,as well as the enhancement of parietal-occipital cortical connectivity.It was found that there was the lack of early visual experience caused by age differences in blindness,braille reading training and learning and spoken language have an impact on the changes in cerebral cortex function.The study of braille reading not only provides a basis for the choice of braille teaching strategies,but also enriches the study of the neural mechanisms of reading.Future research on the neural mechanisms of braille reading should focus on the comparative studies of different age groups of blind people,the influence of the lack of visual experience,the function of dfferent regions of the brain during braille reading and the cross-linguistic comparative study of braille reading.

关 键 词：盲文摸读 脑皮质 可塑性改变 

分 类 号：G761[文化科学—特殊教育学]