海南省696名小学生饮奶行为及其对骨密度的影响  

Milk consumption behavior and its impact on bone mineral density among 696 pupils in Hainan Province

作　　者：钟成望 杨斌[2] 冯棋琴[1] 赵婵娟[3] 郭静悦 张滔 程秋云 张帆[1] ZHONG Chengwang;YANG Bin;FENG Qiqin;ZHAO Chanjuan;GUO Jingyue;ZHANG Tao;CHENG Qiuyun;ZHANG Fan(Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene,International School of Public Health and One Health,Hainan Medical University,Haikou(571199),Hainan Province,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]海南医学院公共卫生与全健康国际学院营养与食品卫生学教研室,海口571199 [2]海南省疾病预防控制中心食品安全风险监测评估所 [3]海南医学院公共卫生与全健康国际学院卫生统计学教研室

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2023年第11期1631-1635,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：中国营养学会-营养科普与传播研究基金项目(CNS-SCP2020-88);2021年海南省普通高等学校研究生创新科研课题(HYYS2021B17)。

摘　　要：目的了解海南省小学生的饮奶行为及其骨密度水平,并探究骨密度与饮奶行为的相关性,为促进儿童青少年骨骼的健康发育提供科学依据。方法于2021年11月,采用分层整群随机抽样方法,分别从海南省三亚市和白沙县抽取三至五年级696名小学生进行调查,包括人口学特征、奶及奶制品的摄入情况、不良饮食行为、身体活动和睡眠情况,采用双能X线骨密度测量仪测量学生右侧前臂远端1/3处的骨密度。采用t检验比较不同饮奶行为小学生的骨密度,采用多元线性回归分析饮奶量与骨密度的相关性。结果有25.3%小学生每日饮奶,13.9%小学生日均饮奶量≥300 g。小学生右侧前臂远端1/3处的骨密度平均为(0.237±0.041)g/cm^(2)。每日饮奶组的小学生骨密度大于非每日饮奶组[(0.250±0.037)(0.204±0.034)g/cm^(2);t=15.00,P<0.01],日均饮奶量≥300 g的小学生骨密度大于日均饮奶量<300 g的学生[(0.284±0.036)(0.229±0.037)g/cm^(2);t=13.48,P<0.01]。多元线性回归分析显示,小学生日均饮奶量与骨密度呈正相关(β=0.020,t=21.46,P<0.01)。结论小学生饮奶状况不佳,饮奶行为对骨密度有积极影响。应进行有效的饮奶干预促进儿童骨骼发育。Objective To investigate the milk-drinking behavior and bone mineral density level of pupils in Hainan Province,and to explore the correlation between bone mineral density and milk-drinking behavior,in order to provide scientific basis for promoting the healthy development of bones in children and adolescents.Methods In November 2021,a cross-sectional survey including demographic characteristics,milk intake,unhealthy eating behavior,physical activity and sleep was conducted among 696 students from grades 3 to 5 in Sanya and Baisha,Hainan by stratified cluster random sampling,and bone mineral density at the distal 1/3 of the right forearm was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.t-test was used to compare the differences in bone mineral density among different milk-drinking behaviors of pupils,and multiple linear regression was used to analyze the correlation between milk consumption and bone mineral density.Results About 25.3%students consumed milk daily and 13.9%consumed≥300 g of milk daily.The mean bone mineral density at the distal 1/3 of the right forearm was(0.237±0.041)g/cm^(2).The bone mineral density was greater in the group with daily milk intake than in the group without daily milk intake[(0.250±0.037)(0.204±0.034)g/cm^(2),t=15.00,P<0.01],and the bone mineral density was greater in the group with daily average milk intake≥300 g than in the group with daily average milk intake<300 g[(0.284±0.036)(0.229±0.037)g/cm^(2),t=13.48,P<0.01].Multiple linear regression analysis showed that daily average milk intake was positively correlated with bone mineral density,with a correlation coefficient(β=0.020,t=21.46,P<0.01).Conclusion Milk consumption among pupils is inadequate,and milk-drinking behavior has a positive impact on bone mineral density,so effective milk-drinking intervention should be carried out to promote children's bone development.

关 键 词：饮食习惯 骨密度 回归分析 学生 

分 类 号：R155.1[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R726.8[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]