科技政策及民间爱好者群体对技术爱好发展的影响——以民国时期业余无线电台活动为核心  

The influence of science and technology policy and folk force on the development of technological enthusiasm:Taking amateur radio activities during the Republic of China era as a core

作　　者：张航[1] 张洪光[1] 聂馥玲[2] ZHANG Hang;ZHANG Hongguang;NIE Fuling(Inner Mongolia Technical College of Construction,Huhehaote 010070,China;Institute for the History of Science and Technology,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Huhehaote 010022,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古建筑职业技术学院,呼和浩特010070 [2]内蒙古师范大学科学技术史研究院,呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《科技导报》2023年第22期98-108,共11页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费项目。

摘　　要：梳理了民国时期科技政策与民间技术爱好者群体共同影响下无线电爱好的独特发展历程,分析了爱好者希望顺利开展研究的愿望与当时政府怀疑和限制为主的科技政策间的矛盾,展现了由爱好者自发生成的民间力量积极采取措施解决矛盾,使无线电爱好获得发展的历史过程。分析表明,在一些特殊时期,民间学术界与政界会存有不同科学观;当二者存在矛盾,民间社会重要科技群体与当时政府管理之间即会产生复杂互动;民间技术爱好者群体有能力针对政策阻碍进行反馈与协调,从而推进科技进步。此外,提出了鼓励与规范并存的科技政策能推进技术爱好的良好发展。This article summarizes the unique development process of amateur radio under the joint influence of technology policies and folk technology enthusiasts during the Republic of China period,and analyzes the contradiction between the desire of enthusiasts to carry out research smoothly and the government's science and technology policies that were full of skepticism and restrictions.It showcases a historical process during which the active measures taken by enthusiasts solved conflicts.It is concluded that in some special periods,there will be different scientific views between the folk academic circles and the political circles.When contradiction occurs,there will be a complex interaction between the important folk technological enthusiast groups and the government management.The former has the ability to feed back and coordinate against policy obstacles,so as to promote scientific and technological progress.This historical process also shows that only the science and technology policy of encouraging and standardizing can promote the good development of technological enthusiasm.

关 键 词：业余无线电台 科技政策 技术爱好 民间技术爱好者群体 

分 类 号：K258[历史地理—历史学] G322.9[历史地理—中国史]