莎士比亚《李尔王》中的伦理  

The Ethics in Shakespeare’s King Lear

作　　者：李正栓[1] 叶红婷 LI Zhengshuan;YE Hongting

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学外国语学院,河北石家庄050024 [2]河北师范大学文学院,河北石家庄050024 [3]荆楚理工学院外国语学院,湖北荆门448000

出　　处：《外国语文》2023年第6期45-53,共9页Foreign Languages and Literature

基　　金：河北省高等学校英语教学改革研究与实践项目“英语专业—流课程群建设研究与实践”(2021YYJG014)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：莎士比亚的《李尔王》是伦理悲剧。李尔一家四人错误的伦理选择导致了国破、家毁和人亡。这是李尔王室家族成员伦理失范导致的结果。李尔无论作为父亲身份还是国王身份都未能正确行使,其错误的伦理选择是该剧悲剧结果的主要原因。长女和次女在畸形爱情中的伦理选择既违背女儿身份的天良,也破坏了夫妻纲常,更破坏了国家治理的政治规矩。三女儿值得同情,也值得憎恨,其女人身份使其选择爱丈夫也爱父亲,其女儿身份又让她替父报仇,然而她忽略了国家伦理身份,带领法国军队到英国作战,犯下了入侵的错误。莎士比亚这部悲剧令人深思,对后世产生不绝的启迪。King Lear is an ethic tragedy.The wrong ethical choices of the four people in Lear's family lead to the collapse of the state,the destruction of the family and heavy deaths of people.This results from the royal family of Lear whose ethics had gone astray.Either as a father or as a king,Lear fails to perform these ethic identities and his improper ethical choice is the main cause of the whole tragedy.The ethical choices of the eldest daughter and second daughter in the deformed love betray their conscience as daughters,destroy the relationship between husband and wife,and destroy the political disciplines in governance of the state.The youngest daughter is both pitiable and detestable in that as a female she choses to love her husband and father,and as a daughter she chooses to take revenge for her father.However,she neglectes the state's ethical identity and leads the French forces to fight the English army in England,thus committing the crime of invading England.By writing this tragedy,Shakespeare calls for deep thought and has been enlightening posterity everlastingly.

关 键 词：《李尔王》 伦理身份 伦理选择 伦理禁忌 

分 类 号：I561.073[文学—其他各国文学]