论12世纪文艺复兴中阿伯拉尔的《对话》对伊壁鸠鲁“享乐”说的辩护  

Abelard’s Apology for the Epicurean Doctrine of“Pleasure”in Collationes during the Renaissance of the Twelfth Century

作　　者：于雪 Yu Xue(Fudan University)

机构地区：[1]大连外国语大学英语学院

出　　处：《中世纪与文艺复兴研究》2023年第2期32-51,共20页Medieval and Renaissance Studies

基　　金：2022年度大连外国语大学科研基金项目“十二世纪文艺复兴中伊壁鸠鲁哲学对阿伯拉尔《对话》的影响研究”(2022XJQN09)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在阿伯拉尔的《对话》中,当哲学家与基督徒在论及何为至高之善时,前者不仅强调伊壁鸠鲁的享乐说指向灵魂无纷扰,而非通常人们所以为的肉体享乐,更有意将该定义指向基督徒所称的天国(regnum celorum)。尽管这位哲学家的言论无法代表阿伯拉尔的立场,但这一论断无疑彰显了对希腊哲学情有独钟的阿伯拉尔试图为伊壁鸠鲁平反的意图。因为在早期基督教世界,反伊壁鸠鲁的论战一直非常普遍。阿伯拉尔对伊壁鸠鲁的侧面辩护植根于12世纪文艺复兴中对包括塞涅卡等拉丁经典作家的复兴,因为塞涅卡对伊壁鸠鲁推崇备至。这也体现了阿伯拉尔利用自己对希腊哲学的理解引导读者在希腊哲学与基督教思想中寻求潜在的共通性的企图。In Abelard’s Collationes,when the philosopher and the Christian broach the definition of“summum bonum,”the former not only emphasizes that Epicurean doctrine of“Pleasure”denotes the tranquility of the soul rather than the sensual pleasure as is generally believed,but also intentionally links this definition with what the Christians call“regnum celorum.”Although the philosopher’s words cannot be interpreted as the stance of Abelard,these words still undoubtedly epitomize the intention of rehabilitating Epicurus in Abelard,who nourished a special interest in Greek philosophy.Since the early Christianity,the anti-Epicurean polemic was prevalent.Abelard’s apology for Epicurus is embedded in the Renaissance of the 12th century,during which time the interest in Latin authors such as Seneca,who greatly admires Epicurus in his works,was aroused.This also embodies Abelard’s intention of utilizing his understanding of Greek philosophy in order to lead his readers to find the latent congruity between Greek philosophy and Christianity.

关 键 词：阿伯拉尔 《对话》 伊壁鸠鲁 享乐 12世纪文艺复兴 

分 类 号：B502.31[哲学宗教—外国哲学] K132[历史地理—历史学]