可充镁电池负极与电解液相容性的研究进展  

Research Progress on Compatibility Between Anode and Electrolyte of Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries

作　　者：童乐 王敬丰[1,2] 王金星 瞿佰华[1,2] 黄光胜 潘复生[1,2] TONG Le;WANG Jingfeng;WANG Jinxing;QU Baihua;HUANG Guangsheng;PAN Fusheng(National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学国家镁合金材料工程技术研究中心,重庆400044 [2]重庆大学材料科学与工程学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《材料导报》2023年第24期7-13,共7页Materials Reports

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费(2021CDJXDJH003)。

摘　　要：金属镁具有较高的理论体积比容量(3833 mAh·cm^(-3))和较低的还原电位(-2.37 V vs.SHE),其作为镁电池负极具有能量密度高、安全性好且成本较低等优点。因此,可充镁电池是极具发展前景的新型二次电池体系。然而,可充镁电池的金属镁负极在充放电过程中易与电解液发生反应,形成阻碍Mg^(2+)可逆沉积/溶解的致密钝化膜,导致较大的极化与较低的库伦效率;此外,镁负极与常规电解液的反应也会限制一些高性能正极材料的应用。本文围绕可充镁电池负极与电解液之间的相容性问题,总结了可充镁电池中负极材料及其界面调控方法等方面的研究进展,介绍了合金化负极材料与纳米/插层负极材料对改善可充镁电池循环性能的重要作用,并重点介绍了人工电解质界面膜和固态电解质对解决金属镁负极与电解液相容性问题的作用。此外,本文还从减少电解液副反应和调控钝化膜的角度,对提升可充镁电池负极与电解液相容性的研究重点与目标进行了总结和展望。Magnesium metal anode has high theoretical volume specific capacity(3833 mAh·cm^(-3))and low reduction potential(-2.37 V vs.SHE).As an anode,magnesium has the advantages of high energy density,good safety and low cost.Therefore,rechargeable magnesium batteries(RMBs)are expected to be the new secondary battery system with great development prospects.However,the magnesium anode of RMBs is prone to react with the electrolyte during the charge/discharge process,forming a dense passivation film that hinders the reversible deposition/dissolution of Mg ^(2+),resulting in large polarization and low coulombic efficiency.In addition,the reaction between magnesium anode and common electrolyte may limit the application of some high-performance cathode materials.Hence,in the light of research situation in the compatibility between anode materials and electrolytes,this review summarizes the research progress on anode materials and interface regulation met-hods in RMBs.Besides,the important roles of alloying anode and nano/intercalated anode materials in improving the cycling performance of RMBs are introduced.The performance of artificial electrolyte interphase and solid-state electrolyte to solve the compatibility problem between anode and electrolytes is emphasized.Furthermore,from the perspective of reducing electrolyte side reaction and regulating passivation film,the key research direction and target of improving the compatibility between anode and electrolytes of RMBs are summarized and prospected.

关 键 词：镁电池 负极 电解液 相容性 

分 类 号：O646[理学—物理化学]