中国岩溶地区石漠化防治总体形势与策略分析  

Analysis on Overall Situation and Strategy of Rocky Desertification Controlin Karst Areas of China

作　　者：彭玺 吴协保 黄俊威 张亚威 宁小斌 张晓晨 刘伟 PENG Xi;WU Xiebao;HUANG Junwei;ZHANG Yawei;NING Xiaobin;ZHANG Xiaochen;LIU Wei(Central South Academy of Inventory and Planning of NFGA,Changsha 410014,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]国家林业和草原局中南调查规划院,湖南长沙410014

出　　处：《中南林业调查规划》2023年第4期70-74,共5页Central South Forest Inventory and Planning

基　　金：2022年国家重点研发计划(2022YFF1300700);国家林业和草原局重点研发项目“岩溶地区碳储量及碳汇潜力评估技术研发与应用”(GLM[2021]106号)。

摘　　要：为科学把握我国岩溶地区石漠化土地防治形势,通过挖掘与剖析四次石漠化调查数据,得出如下结论:2005—2021年,可比口径内,我国石漠化土地面积净减少622.3万hm^(2),年均缩减幅度加大,石漠化程度减轻,区域林草植被生态状况持续改善;岩溶生态系统具有先天脆弱性,且我国仍有石漠化土地面积722.3万hm^(2),下阶段治理的石漠化土地具有难治理、成本高等特征;石漠化坡耕地面积达176.0万hm^(2),加之高强度耕作,是石漠化扩展与水土流失的重要来源区;2016—2021年间,因自然灾害形成新的石漠化土地面积仍达6.1万hm^(2),石漠化土地局部扩展难以消除。针对当前中国岩溶地区石漠化治理成效与防治制约因素,提出了以新发展理念为指引,实施“预防、治理、增效和监管”总体策略。In order to scientifically grasp the situation of rocky desertification prevention and control in karst areas of China,by excavating and analyzing previous four term rocky desertification survey data,the results are as follows:From 2005 to 2021,the net reduction area of rocky desertification in China was 6.223 million hm within comparable caliber,the average annual reduction rate was accelerated,and the degree of rocky desertification was reduced,and the ecological status of forest and grass in the region continued to improve;The karst ecosystem has inherent vulnerability,and there is still 7.223 million hm’of rocky desertification land in our country,the control of rocky desertification land in the next stage has the characteristics of difficult control and high cost;The area of rocky desertification sloping farmland reaches 1.76 million hm^(2),coupled with high intensity cultivation,which is an important source of rocky desertification expansion and soil erosion;From 2016 to 2021,the area of new rocky desertification land formed by natural disasters still reached 61000 hm^(2),and the partial expansion of rocky desertification land was difficult to eliminate.In view of the control effect and control constraints of rocky desertification in karst areas of China,this paper puts forward the overall strategy of "prevention,control,efficiency and supervision"which guided by the new development concept.

关 键 词：中国 岩溶地区 石漠化土地 防治 总体形势 

分 类 号：S788[农业科学—林学] X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]