大学分析化学教科书中朗伯-比尔定律及其推导  

Lambert-Beer Law and Its Derivation in College Textbooks of Analytical Chemistry

作　　者：王中慧 周慧 任列香 刘红云[2] 晋卫军[2] WANG Zhong-Hui;ZHOU Hui;REN Lie-Xiang;LIU Hong-Yun;JIN Wei-Jun(Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Lyuliang University,Lishi 033000,China;College of Chemistry,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]吕梁学院化学化工系,山西离石033000 [2]北京师范大学化学学院,北京100875

出　　处：《化学教育（中英文）》2023年第24期116-122,共7页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

基　　金：山西省2022年度应用型地方本科院校分析化学PBL教学课堂改革研究项目(J20221159);山西省教育厅新建地方应用型本科院校化工与材料专业(群)人才培养体系建设实践与研究项目(J2020359);北京师范大学课程思政建设项目。

摘　　要：朗伯(Lambert)-比尔(Beer)定律是光吸收的基本定律,是以化学为支撑学科的本科生和研究生需要掌握的基本原理之一,是分光光度法、比色分析法和光电比色法的定量基础。为了补充现有本科教材中相关内容的不足,从朗伯-比尔定律的发展简史开始,介绍了布格(Bouguer)、朗伯和比尔分别对光吸收定律的贡献,从数学角度说明朗伯定律和比尔定律是如何“联合”统一为朗伯-比尔定律的;在分别介绍了微积分方法和非微积分方法对吸收定律的推导之后,比较了各推导方法的优缺点,并讨论了目前关于该定律的教学中可能存在的一些问题。Lambert-Beer Law is the fundamental law of light absorption,which is one of the fundamental principles that undergraduate and graduate students in chemistry and related disci-pline need to master.It is the quantitative basis for spectrophotometry,colorimetric analysis,and photoelectric colorimetry.In order to supplement the shortcomings in existing college text-books,this article started with a brief history of Lambert-Beer Law,introduced in turn the con-tributions of Bouguer,Lambert,and Beer to the law of light absorption,then explained from a mathematical perspective how Lambert-law and Beer-law had"combined"and unified into Lam-bert-Beer's law.After introducing the derivation of the absorption law by both calculus and non-calculus methods,the advantages and disadvantages of each derivation method were compared,and some possible problems in the current teaching of this law were also discussed.

关 键 词：朗伯-比尔定律 推导 分析化学 光度分析 

分 类 号：O65-4[理学—分析化学] G642[理学—化学]