61例儿童新型冠状病毒感染的皮肤表现分析  

Skin manifestations of 61 children with coronavirus disease 19

作　　者：邓维 张高磊[1] 陈见友 张升[1] 蒋丽潇[1] 刘晓雁[1] 苏伟[1] Deng Wei;Zhang Gaolei;Chen Jianyou;Zhang Sheng;Jiang Lixiao;Liu Xiaoyan;Su Wei(Department of Dermatology,Children′s Hospital,Capital Institute of Pediatrics,Beijing 100020,China)

机构地区：[1]首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院皮肤科,北京100020

出　　处：《中华皮肤科杂志》2023年第12期1154-1157,共4页Chinese Journal of Dermatology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82073461)。

摘　　要：目的分析儿童新型冠状病毒感染伴发的皮肤表现。方法回顾性收集2022年11月1日至2022年12月10日首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院皮肤科门诊及互联网远程门诊诊断为新型冠状病毒感染伴发皮肤表现患儿, 分析其临床特征。计量资料采用方差分析, 计数资料采用Fisher精确检验。结果纳入新型冠状病毒感染伴发皮肤表现的患儿61例, 年龄22 d至17岁(2.83 ± 2.47)岁, 病程2 ~ 14 d。皮肤表现为急性荨麻疹25例(41.0%), 发疹/斑丘疹样皮损10例(16.4%), 面部血管性水肿6例(9.8%), 荨麻疹性血管炎5例(8.2%), 玫瑰糠疹及多形红斑各4例(6.6%), 紫癜2例(3.3%), 混合型皮损2例(3.3%), 毛囊炎、结节性红斑和肢端血管性水肿各1例(1.6%)。不同皮肤表现患儿的年龄差异有统计学意义(F = 4.67, P < 0.001)。48例(78.7%)皮疹泛发, 13例(21.3%)局限分布;10例(16.4%)瘙痒, 3例(4.9%)灼痛, 48例(78.7%)无症状。36例(59.0%)皮损持续≤ 3 d, 25例(41.0%)> 3 d, 但均未超过2周。61例均高热至38.5 ℃, 1例(1.6%)热前出疹, 41例(67.2%)热中出疹, 19例(31.2%)热退后出疹;不同皮疹分布、自觉症状、皮疹持续天数、发热与出疹相关性组间的皮损表现差异均有统计学意义(均P < 0.05)。愈后未见复发且不遗留色素改变及瘢痕。结论儿童新型冠状病毒感染伴发的皮肤表现多样, 以荨麻疹、发疹/斑丘疹样皮损为主。Objective To analyze skin manifestations associated with coronavirus disease 19(COVID-19)in children.Methods Children diagnosed with COVID-19 accompanied by skin manifestations were enrolled from outpatient clinics or teleclinics at the Department of Dermatology,Children′s Hospital,Capital Institute of Pediatrics from November 1st,2022 to December 10th,2022,and their clinical characteristics were analyzed.Analysis of variance was used for comparing measurement data,and Fisher′s exact test for comparing enumeration data.Results A total of 61 children with COVID-19 accompanied by skin lesions were included,they were aged from 22 days to 17 years,with an average age of 2.83±2.47 years,and their course of disease ranged from 2 to 14 days.Skin lesions manifested as acute urticaria in 25 cases(41.0%),eruptive/maculopapular lesions in 10 cases(16.4%),facial vascular edema in 6 cases(9.8%),urticarial vasculitis in 5 cases(8.2%),pityriasis rosea and erythema multiforme each in 4 cases(6.6%),purpura in 2 cases(3.3%),mixed skin lesions in 2 cases(3.3%),and folliculitis,erythema nodosum,as well as angioedema of the limbs each in 1 case(1.6%).The age of children with different skin manifestations significantly differed(F=4.67,P<0.001).Forty-eight patients(78.69%)presented with generalized skin lesions,while 13(21.31%)with localized skin lesions;10(16.4%)had itching,3(4.9%)had a burning sensation,while 48(78.7%)showed no symptoms.Skin lesions persisted for≤3 days in 36 cases(59.0%)and for>3 days in 25 cases(41.0%),and all lesions persisted for less than 2 weeks.All 61 patients had fever up to 38.5℃;1(1.6%)developed skin lesions before the fever,41(67.2%)developed lesions during the fever,and 19(31.2%)developed lesions after the fever.The skin manifestations significantly differed among various groups divided by the lesion distribution,self-reported symptoms,duration of lesions,and the sequence between fever and lesion onset(all P<0.05).No recurrence was observed after recovery,and skin lesions subsided without leaving

关 键 词：皮肤表现 皮肤疾病 病毒性 儿童 新型冠状病毒 荨麻疹 血管性水肿 玫瑰糠疹 多形红斑 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科]