基于性能的飞机配载平衡研究  

Research on Aircraft Weight and Balance Based on Performance

作　　者：陈惠蓉[1] CHEN Huirong(Shenzhen Airlines LTD.,Shenzhen 518000,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳航空有限责任公司,广东深圳518000

出　　处：《民航学报》2023年第6期81-84,92,共5页Journal of Civil Aviation

摘　　要：本文阐述了飞机重心和重心指数的概念,分析了飞机在地面、起飞、巡航和着陆过程中,控制飞机重量和重心不超出允许范围的方法,包括通过系统后台限制重心极限,运行前的风险评估和制定相应管控措施,以及下发运行政策和标准操作流程等。阐述了飞机审定重心包线和运行重心包线的概念,对飞机重心包线的设计进行了研究。剖析了影响飞机重量和重心的因素,举例分析了造成飞机重量和重心不确定性的因素,包括旅客重量不确定性以及货物装载位置不确定性,以及导致飞机实际重心与舱单中重心偏差的原理,引出了飞机重心包线削减的方法。阐明了航空公司配载平衡所涉及人员以及配载平衡每一个工作环节的重要性,提出了航空公司飞机配载平衡相关人员掌握配载理论知识和定期接受培训的必要性,以及航班生产中配载平衡相关各环节均可控的重要性。In this paper,the concepts of center of gravity(CG)and CG index of aircraft are elaborated,and the methods to keep the weight and CG of aircraft within the permissible range when on ground and during takeoff,cruise and landing are analyzed,including limiting the CG range by system,risk assessment and management before flight operation,as well as issuing relevant operation policies and standard operation procedures.The concepts of aircraft certified CG envelope and operational CG envelope are elaborated,the design of aircraft CG envelope is studied and the factors affecting aircraft weight and CG are analyzed.Examples are given to analyze the factors that cause inaccuracy of aircraft weight and CG,including inaccuracy of passenger weight and cargo loading,which leads to the deviation of the actual aircraft CG from the loadsheet,and a method of CG envelope curtailment is derived.The importance of personnel involved and all links of the airline weight and balance work is elaborated.The necessity of airline personnel involved in weight and balance work mastering aircraft weight and balance theoretical knowledge and receiving regular training,and the importance of the controllability of all links related to weight and balance in flight operation are emphasized.

关 键 词：配载平衡 飞机重量 飞机重心 重心包线 包线削减 

分 类 号：U8[交通运输工程]