数字时代应急管理的理论基础与实践图景  

Theoretical Basis and Practical Vision of Emergency Management in the Digital Era

作　　者：周利敏[1] 罗运泽 ZHOU Limin;LUO Yunze(School of Public Administration,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广州大学公共管理学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《广州大学学报(社会科学版)》2023年第6期51-60,共10页Journal of Guangzhou University:Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(20&ZD151)。

摘　　要：全球“传统-非传统”安全威胁相互交织,世界正变得越来越不安全,人类不得不在“常态-非常态”情境中寻找有效的应对方法。数字技术为应急管理提供了光明前景,一种更精准、更迅速与更智慧的“数字应急力”正在逐步形成。缺乏理论支撑的研究难以深入与持久,数字治理、信息生态、数字孪生、链接主义、数字利维坦与智慧社会等理论为应急管理提供了重要支持。数字技术对应急管理带来的深远影响正在逐步显现,数字孪生技术提供了虚拟与现实融合的应急新场景,模块化赋予了应急管理自组织、自适应与自学习等新特征,数字技术还具有社会链接与社会赋能等功能。但它也可能成为控制人类发展的“数字利维坦”,因此,应尽力避免“技术迷思”“设施迷思”“数字鸿沟”与“数字难民”等陷阱。政府应充分发挥其在应急管理政策制定中的核心作用,充分释放其巨大潜能,这对推进中国特色的应急管理体系有着极为重要的意义。The global″traditional-nontraditional″security is intertwined,which makes the world increasingly insecure.The human beings have to find effective coping methods in the″normal-abnormal″situations.Researches with insufficient theoretical support are difficult to be in-depth and lasting.Theories such as digital governance,information ecology,digital twins,linkism,digital Leviathan and smart society provide important support for emergency management in the digital age.Digital technology provides broad prospects for emergency management,which predicts that a more accurate,faster,and smarter″digital emergency force″is gradually taking shape.The profound impact of digital technology on emergency management is gradually emerging.Digital twin technology provides new emergency scenarios that integrate virtuality and reality.Modularity gives emergency management new features such as self-organization,self-adaptation,and self-learning.In addition,digital technology has functions such as social connections and social empowerment.However,it must be noted that digital technology may become the″digital Leviathan″that controls human development.Therefore,we should try to avoid falling into traps such as″technological myths″,″facility myths″,″digital divide″and″digital refugees″.The government needs to do its best to explore the policy implications of emergency management and fully unleash its huge potential.This is extremely important for the promotion of the emergency management system with Chinese characteristics.

关 键 词：数字技术 数字时代 应急管理 数字孪生 数智赋能 灾害治理 

分 类 号：C916[经济管理] D630.8[社会学] D668[政治法律—政治学]