身心一体:儒家与马克思论人与自然的关系  

Body and Mind as a Whole:Confucianism and Marx on the Relationship between Human and Nature

作　　者：王瑞雄 Wang Ruixiong

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学马克思主义学院,北京100083

出　　处：《鄱阳湖学刊》2023年第6期14-22,124,共10页Journal of Poyang Lake

基　　金：北京市教育科学“十三五”规划青年专项课题“基于北京特色资源的思政课生态文明教育实践研究”(CCJA17150);北京林业大学马克思主义学院专项课题“习近平生态文明思想的哲学基础研究”(MY202201)。

摘　　要：在人与自然的关系问题上,马克思和儒家都提出了身心关系的理解模式。儒家认为,人是天地之心,天地生物之心为仁,所以人心为仁,仁者能够以天地万物为一体。马克思则认为,人的本质在改造自然界的过程中得到确证,感性自然界是人的本质力量的对象化,是人的无机的身体。这两种理解模式各自采取了价值论和存在论的分析立场,分别要求通过道德修炼和扬弃异化实现人与自然的统一。这启示我们,应当像保护自己的身体一样保护自然,自觉追求人与自然的和谐。On the issue of understanding the relationship between human and nature, both Marx and Confucianism put forward the framework of “body-mind relationship”. Confucianism believes that humanity is the heart of heaven and earth, and the heart of all things generated by heaven and earth is benevolence. Thus, the heart of humanity is benevolence and the benevolent can integrate all things into a whole. By contrast, Marx holds that human nature is confirmed in the process of transforming nature, and the perceptual nature serves as the objectified power of human nature as well as the inorganic body of human beings. These two modes of understanding respectively take the analytical stand of axiology and ontology, requiring the unity of man and nature through moral cultivation and the rejection of alienation. Their significance lies in guiding us to protect nature as our own bodies and to consciously pursue the harmony between man and nature.

关 键 词：马克思 儒家 人与自然 身心关系 

分 类 号：B222[哲学宗教—中国哲学] B038