停车受益区  

Parking Benefit Districts

作　　者：Donald Shoup 冯苏苇(译)[2] Donald Shoup;FENG Suwei(translated)(Department of Urban Planning,University of California,Los Angeles,Los Angeles,CA 90095-1656,USA;Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校城市规划系,美国加利福尼亚州洛杉矶90095-1656 [2]上海财经大学公共经济与管理学院,上海200433

出　　处：《城市交通》2023年第5期100-112,127,共14页Urban Transport of China

摘　　要：外侧车道停车位通常拥挤不堪,驾驶人巡游寻找稀缺的空停车位,造成交通拥堵、空气污染,并产生CO_(2)。为了避免这些问题,一些城市建立停车受益区,对外侧车道停车按照市场价格收取停车费,并将收入用于改善收费街区的公共服务。一项对曼哈顿上西区的案例研究发现,对目前尚未收费的外侧车道停车位按照市场价格收取停车费,每年每个街区可以减少22 t CO_(2)排放量,并且每年至少产生户均1025美元(约合人民币7469元)的收入用于改善公共服务。Where curb parking is overcrowded,drivers who are searching for a rare open curb space con-gest traffic,pollute the air,and produce carbon dioxide.To avoid these problems,some cities have estab-lished Parking Benefit Districts that charge market prices for curb parking and spend the revenue to pay for public services on the metered blocks.A case study of Manhattan's Upper West Side found that charging market prices for the currently unmetered curb spaces would eliminate 22 tons of carbon dioxide emissions per block per year and yield at least$1,025 per household per year to improve public services.

关 键 词：停车 公共财政 交通拥堵 碳排放 公平 

分 类 号：U491.7[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]