基于CEEMDAN·MPE-NHT的爆破地震波信号时频分析  

Time-frequency Analysis of Blasting Seismic Signals based on CEEMDAN·MPE-NHT

作　　者：孙苗 吴静 吴立[3] 杨钧凯 覃亚男 SUN Miao;WU Jing;WU Li;YANG Jun-kai;QIN Ya-nan(College of environment and Engineering,Hubei Land Resources Vocational College,Wuhan 430090,China;Engineering Research Center of Rock-Soil Drilling&Excavation and Protection,Ministry of Education,Wuhan 430074,China;Faculty of Engineering,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China;Faculty of Civil Engineering,Hubei Engineering University,Xiaogan 432000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北国土资源职业学院环境与工程学院,武汉430090 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)岩土钻掘与防护教育部工程研究中心,武汉430074 [3]中国地质大学(武汉)工程学院,武汉430074 [4]湖北工程学院土木工程学院,孝感432000

出　　处：《爆破》2023年第4期183-191,共9页Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41672260);岩土钻掘与教育部工程研究中心(202215、202208)。

摘　　要：针对希尔伯特-黄变换(Hilbert-Huang Transform,HHT)处理混有噪声的爆破地震波信号时,会出现时频分析失真的现象,对影响HHT时频分析精度的因素进行逐一改进,得到改进后的算法来提高含噪爆破地震波信号时频分析精度。首先对经验模态分解(Ensemble Empirical Mode,EMD)进行改进得到自适应补充集合经验模态分解(Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise,CEEMDAN)抑制低频趋势项,同时添加多尺度排列熵(Multiscale Permutation Entropy,MPE)代码控制高频噪声,最后对CEEMDAN·MPE得到的IMF进行归一化Hilbert变换(Normalized Hilbert Transform,NHT),通过上述三步即可改善传统HHT含噪爆破地震波信号时频分析精度不足的问题。为验证CEEMDAN·MPE-NHT算法时频分析的准确性,进行HHT和CEEMDAN·MPE-NHT算法的含噪仿真信号时频分析对比研究,并将CEEMDAN·MPE-NHT算法用于水下钻孔爆破地震波信号时频分析中。研究结果表明:CEEMDAN·MPE分解得到的IMF经NHT处理得到的时频谱在时域和频域上均具有较高的分辨率,得到的时频分析参数精度相比HHT有了很大的提升,可实现更准确提取含噪爆破地震波信号时频特征参数,对爆破地震波危害效应识别,制定科学的爆破地震波危害效应控制措施具有重要的现实意义。Distortion phenomenon would occur in time-frequency analysis when Hilbert-Huang Transform(HHT)is used to process the blasting seismic signal mixed with noise.In order to improve the analysis performance for noisy blasting seismic signals,the factors affecting the accuracy of time-frequency analysis of HHT were improved through an improved algorithm.Firstly,the empirical mode decomposition(EMD)was improved by the complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise(CEEMDAN)to suppress the low-frequency trend terms.Furthermore,the multiscale permutation entropy(MPE)code was added to control the high-frequency noise.Finally,the normalized Hilbert transform(NHT)was performed on the IMFs obtained by CEEMDAN·MPE.Through the above three steps,the problem of insufficient precision in the time-frequency analysis of noisy blasting seismic signals by the traditional HHT can be improved.In order to verify the accuracy of the CEEMDAN·MPE-NHT algorithm,a comparative study on the HHT and CEEMDAN·MPE-NHT algorithm was carried out,and the CEEMDAN·MPE-NHT algorithm was used for underwater drilling blasting seismic signals.The results show that the time-frequency spectrum of the IMF decomposed by CEEMDAN·MPE and processed by NHT has a greatly improved high resolution compared with HHT in both time and frequency domain.The research results can be used for identifying and controlling the hazards of blasting seismic waves.

关 键 词：爆破地震波信号 经验模态分解 HILBERT变换 固有模态函数 

分 类 号：TD235.1[矿业工程—矿井建设]