新出土早期儒典与屈原辞  

On the Relationship between Newly Discovered Early Confucian Classics and Qu Yuan's Poetry

作　　者：常森[1] Chang Sen

机构地区：[1]北京大学中文系,北京100871

出　　处：《中国社会科学》2023年第11期142-161,207,208,共22页Social Sciences in China

摘　　要：上博简、郭店简《穷达以时》《兰赋》《(李)[桐]颂》《孔子诗论》《五行》等新出土早期儒典,是在屈原生存时空中传播的重要文献。它们跟以《离骚》为代表的屈原辞有有组织的、结构性的关联,可以为屈原关于穷通出处的核心理念、知识支持、伦理持守,为屈原辞香草-君子象喻、男女关系象喻等具有根本意义的“有意味的形式”,为其言情、言志一体化的自觉创作实践,提供富有发生学意义的说明。诸子时代早期的大多数原创性学说及其经典,起初不可能成为大众化的“公共素材”,因为授受双方必须存在于某个确定的传播链上才能实现传播行为,溢出这些传播链而达成更广泛的社会传播、获得某种公共性必须经过一个较为持久的过程。屈原也只有进入《穷达以时》等早期儒典的传播链,才能够与它们互相成就。The newly discovered early Confucian classics,such as Qiong Da Yi Shi,Lan Fu,(Li)Tong Song,Confucius'Eaposition of the Book of Songs and The Five Virtues in the Guodian Bamboo Slips and those collected by Shanghai Museum represent significant literary works that circulated in Qu Yuan's time.They are organically and structurally related to his poetry,including his master work,Sorrow after Departure(Li Sao),and can provide genetic interpretations for Qu Yuan's core concepts,intellectual support,and ethical commitment to the idea of difficulty and achievement.They can also provide genetic interpretations for the"meaningful forms"which have fundamental significance in Qu Yuan's poetryin the imagery of"herbs/gentlemen"and male-female relationships,and his idea of poetry as unifying the expression of feelings and will in his conscious creative practice.Most of the original writings and canons of the philosophers in the early pre-Qin era could not initially become"public material"for the masses because both the transmitter and the recipient had toexist tin some definite chain of transmissiontoachieve communication,and the overflow of these chains into wider social transmission and the acquisition of a certain kind of public reputation had to undergo a relatively lengthy process.Only by entering the chain of transmission of early Confucian classics,such as Qiong Da Yi Shi,could Qu Yuan share their success.

关 键 词：新出土儒典 屈原辞 文本间关联 传播链 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学] B222[哲学宗教—中国哲学]