文件与档案关系的认识误区新探  

A New Exploration of the Misunderstanding of the Relationship between Documents and Archives

作　　者：王茂跃[1] Wang Maoyue

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学文学院

出　　处：《档案管理》2023年第6期31-36,共6页Archives Management

摘　　要：在对我国文件与档案关系的认识进行历史考察的基础上,分析文件与档案是同一事物以及文件作为档案的属概念都是认识上的误区。我国近代档案学者对文件与档案关系的认识是形成误区的重要原因,我国关于文件转化为档案的三条件论则强化了文件与档案关系的认识误区。从横向角度看,文件与档案是同时存在的两种不同的事物,这是文件与档案的现实区别;从纵向角度看,文件运动到档案阶段,档案由旧文件转化而来,旧文件是档案的前身,这是旧文件与档案具有的历史联系。对旧文件与文件不加区分去认识文件与档案的关系,必然会陷入文件与档案关系的认识误区。Based on the historical investigation of our understanding of the relationship between documents and archives,it is a cognitive mistake to view documents and archives as the same thing or to consider documents as a subcategory of archives.The misconception about the relationship between documents and archives was largely due to the lack of understanding by modern Chinese archivists.Furthermore,the three conditions for transforming documents into archives in China reinforced this misconception.Looking from a horizontal perspective,documents and archives are two different things that coexist at the same time.This is the practical difference between documents and archives.From a vertical perspective,when documents move to the stage of archives,archives are derived from old documents.Therefore,old documents serve as the predecessors of archives,which reflects a historical connection between old documents and archives.If we fail to distinguish between old documents and current documents,we will inevitably fall into the trap of a cognitive error concerning the relationship between documents and archives.

关 键 词：文件 档案 同一事物 不同事物 属概念 历史联系 文件组合 转化关系 

分 类 号：G270[文化科学—档案学]