乳房炎奶牛与健康奶牛牛乳菌群多样性的比较分析  

Comparative Analysis of Diversity of Milk Microbiota in Cows with Mastitis and Healthy Cows

作　　者：高鹰 余永涛[1] 马云 马正兵 苑双杰 崔省委 GAO Ying;YU Yongtao;MA Yun;MA Zhengbing;YUAN Shuangjie;CUI Shengwei(School of Animal Science and Technology,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学动物科技学院,银川750021

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2023年第12期5043-5055,共13页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2021BEF01001、2021BEF02028);国家自然科学基金(31960348、31560713)。

摘　　要：【目的】比较健康、隐性乳房炎和临床型乳房炎奶牛牛乳菌群多样性和组成,为进一步了解乳腺微生态变化与乳房炎发病原因的关系提供参考。【方法】首先应用PCR法对健康、隐性乳房炎和临床型乳房炎奶牛牛乳中的主要乳房炎相关致病菌进行检测,并进一步应用16S rRNA高通量测序技术对健康、临床型乳房炎和隐性乳房炎牛乳的微生物多样性、菌群组成和预测的功能进行比较分析。【结果】与健康奶牛牛乳相比,隐性乳房炎和临床型乳房炎奶牛牛乳菌群的组成在门和属水平上均发生显著变化;隐性乳房炎牛乳中葡萄球菌属、罗尔斯通菌属、短杆菌属、联合乳杆菌属以及布劳特氏菌属的丰度显著(P<0.05)或极显著升高(P<0.01),罗尔斯通菌属和皮氏罗尔斯通菌显著富集(P<0.05);临床型乳房炎奶牛牛乳中乳杆菌属、葡萄球菌属和黏液乳杆菌属的相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05),其中拟杆菌门、芽孢杆菌纲、葡萄球菌属、山羊葡萄球菌等显著富集(P<0.05)。临床型乳房炎奶牛牛乳中拟杆菌属、密螺旋体属、链球菌属的丰度显著高于隐性乳房炎乳样(P<0.05)。假单胞菌属和固氮螺菌属为健康牛乳的生物标志物,罗尔斯通菌属和皮氏罗尔斯通菌为隐性乳房炎牛乳的生物标志物,而葡萄球菌属和山羊葡萄球菌为临床型乳房炎牛乳的生物标志物。与健康乳样相比,隐性乳房炎乳样中微生物的多聚糖生物合成与代谢功能极显著下调(P<0.01),临床型乳房炎乳样中微生物的碳水化合物代谢、折叠分类和降解、复制与修复、能量代谢、辅助因子和维生素的代谢、翻译、核苷酸代谢、细胞生长和死亡等功能极显著上调(P<0.01),细胞运动、代谢、信号转导、神经退行性疾病、神经系统等功能极显著下调(P<0.01),信号分子和相互作用功能显著下调(P<0.05)。【结论】本研究初步揭示了隐性乳房炎和临【Objective】In order to further understand the relationship between mammary microecological changes and the etiology of mastitis,the diversity and composition of microflora in milk of healthy cows,cows with subclinical mastitis and cows with clinical mastitis were compared in this study.【Method】Firstly,PCR was used to detect the main mastitis-related pathogens in the milk of healthy cows,subclinical mastitis and clinical mastitis.Furthermore,16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology was applied to analyze the microbial diversity,microbiota composition and predictive function of milk from healthy cows,cows with subclinical mastitis and clinical mastitis,respectively.【Result】Compared with the milk of healthy cows,the composition of milk microbiota in cows with subclinical mastitis and clinical mastitis had significant changes at phylum and genus levels;The abundances of Staphylococcus,Rolstonia,Brevibacterium,Ligilactobacillus and Blautia were significantly increased(P<0.05)or extremely significantly increased(P<0.01),and Rolstonia and Ralstonia pickettii were significantly enriched(P<0.05)in the milk of subclinical mastitis;The relative abundances of Lactobacillus,Staphylococcus and Limosilactobacillus were significantly increased(P<0.05)in milk of cows with clinical mastitis,and Bacteroidetes,Bacillus,Staphylococcus and Staphylococcus caprae were significantly enriched(P<0.05).The abundances of Bacteroides,Treponema and Streptococcus in milk of cows with clinical mastitis were significantly higher than that of milk with subclinical mastitis(P<0.05).Pseudomonas and Azospira were biomarkers of healthy milk,Rolstonia and Ralstonia pickettii were biomarkers of subclinical mastitis milk,and Staphylococcus and Staphylococcus caprae were biomarkers of clinical mastitis milk.Compared with the milk of healthy cows,the polysaccharide biosynthesis and metabolic functions of microorganisms in milk of subclinical mastitis were extremely significantly down-regulated(P<0.01),while the carbohydrate metabolism,fol

关 键 词：奶牛乳房炎 16S rRNA 微生物多样性 

分 类 号：S858.23[农业科学—临床兽医学]