陕西省2015—2022年炭疽流行病学特征及全基因组溯源分析  

Epidemiological characteristics and genome traceability analysis of anthrax in Shaanxi Province from 2015 to 2022

作　　者：刘东立[1] 石一[1] 张铮[1] 马琳[1] 梁爽 陈雅丽[2] 栾阳[3] 沈托[4] LIU Dong-Li;SHI Yi;ZHANG Zheng;MA Lin;LIANG Shuang;CHEN Ya-li;LUAN Yang;SHEN Tuo(Shaanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710054,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]陕西省疾病预防控制中心,陕西西安710054 [2]汉中市疾病预防控制中心 [3]西安市疾病预防控制中心 [4]渭南市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第23期4380-4385,4411,共7页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：陕西省卫生计生科研基金项目(2016D094)。

摘　　要：目的了解陕西省2015—2022年炭疽流行病学特征,炭疽芽胞杆菌的病原学特征及全基因组溯源情况。方法分析描述2015—2022年陕西省炭疽报告病例流行病学特征;对炭疽暴发疫情开展个案调查及现场卫生学调查,采集炭疽病例、病畜及污染环境的样本,进行炭疽杆菌荧光定量PCR实验、抗体检测、炭疽杆菌分离鉴定;对分离的菌株进行二代测序,对全基因组数据进行耐药基因、毒力基因鉴定分析,核心基因组多位点序列分析(cgMLST)、核心基因组单核苷酸变异分析(cgSNP)。结果陕西省2015—2022年共报告皮肤炭疽病例55例,分布在7个市25个县(区),以延安、渭南市为主,有明显的季节分布特征,以8月份为主,占52.7%(28/55),职业分布以农民为主,占67.3%(37/55),贩运养殖屠宰人员占18.2%(10/55)。共分离到11株炭疽杆菌,测序基因组大小在5.4~5.5MB,GC含量为35.10%-35.20%,均携带capA、capB、capC、capE、cya、dep/capD、inhA、lef和pagA毒力基因与β-内酰胺、碳青霉烯、磷霉素、链霉菌耐药基因。cgMLS及SNP分析均显示陕北、关中、陕南分离菌株有较大差异,陕北地区延安市甘泉县分离株与关中地区变异位点相差30个,陕南地区汉中市南郑区分离株与关中地区变异位点相差26个,在渭南市炭疽杆菌呈现明显的聚集簇,同一簇内有不同地区和年代分离的菌株。结论陕西省2015—2022年炭疽疫情多点发生,呈现先降后升的趋势。基因组溯源表明陕北、关中及陕南地区菌株无明显关联,但在渭南市不同年代与地区之间存在关联。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics,etiological characteristics,and genome-wide traceability of Bacillus anthracis in Shaanxi Province from 2015 to 2022.Methods The epidemiological characteristics of reported cases of anthrax in Shaanxi Province from 2015 to 2022 were analyzed and described.The case investigation and on-the-spot hygienic investigation on the outbreak of anthrax were carried out,and samples of anthrax cases,diseased animals,and polluted environment were collected.The fluorescent quantitative PCR test,antibody detection,and isolation and identification of Bacillus anthracis were performed.Second-generation sequencing was performed for the isolated strains,and the whole genome data were identified and analyzed for drug resistance gene and virulence gene,core genome multi-locus sequence analysis(cg MLST)and core genome single nucleotide variation analysis(cg SNP).Results A total of 55 cases of skin anthrax were reported in 2015 and 2022 in Shaanxi Province,distributed in 7 cities and 25 counties(districts),mainly in Yan’an city and Weinan city.There was obvious seasonal distribution characteristics,mainly in August,accounting for 52.7%(28/55),and the occupation distribution was dominated by farmers,accounting for 67.3%(37/55),followed by personnel of transporting,breeding,and slaughtering(18.2%,10/55).A total of 11 strains of Bacillus anthracis were isolated,with sequencing genome sizes ranging from 5.4 to 5.5 MB and GC content ranging from 35.10% to 35.20%.The GC content was 35.10%.All of them carried cap A,cap B,cap C,cap E,cy a,dep/cap D,inh A,lef and pag A virulence genes and β-lactam,carbapenem,Fosfomycin,Streptomyces resistance genes.Cg MLST and cg SNP analysis showed that there were significant differences among isolates from northern Shaanxi,Guanzhong,and southern Shaanxi.There were 30 variation sites between Ganquan county of Yan’an city and Guanzhong area,and 26 variation sites between Nanzheng district of Hanzhong city and Guanzhong area.Anthracnose showed obvi

关 键 词：炭疽芽胞杆菌 全基因组测序 cgMLST cgSNP 

分 类 号：R517.2[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]